Cardiovascular System Flashcards by Gianna V.

Hematocrit (more like hematoSPLIT)

The ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume is the hematocrit.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Characteristics of whole blood

Red (hemoglobin),
clot,
104 fahrenheit
Ph 7.4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Organelles in Erythrocytes andLeukocytes

Erythrocytes - NO nucleus

Leukocytes - nucleus, cytoplasm, lysosomes, golgi body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blood components that assist with immune function

Lymphocytes and Leukocytes (white blood cells)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When do you see an increase in each of the following Leukocytes

Esinophilis
Neutrophilis
Basophilis
Thrombocytes

When do you see an increase in each of the following Leukocytes

Esinophilis -Parasite, allergy, cancer

Neutrophilis -Bacterial infection

Basophilis -Infection, Leukemia, auto immune disorder

Thrombocytes -Infection, cancer, auto immune diorder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hemostasis

Stopping the blood flow with platelets or thrombocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pulmonary Circuit blood returning to the heat enters which part of the heart?

Left Atrium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Systemic Circuit blood returning to the heart enters which part of the heart?

Right Atrium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Visceral pericardium (peri=pearl=fancy box= case)

covers exterior surface of heart, also called the epicardium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Layers of the heart

1.Epicardium or visceral pericardium (EPI=Epic start)

2.Myocardium – thick muscular layer

3.Endocardium lines heart chambers (the end Minecraft)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Platelet storage location in the case of hemorrhage

Spleen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Coronary thrombosis

A blood clot that forms on a ruptured plaque in a coronary artery.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Coronary spasm

Tightening of artery walls

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Myocardial Infraction

A heart attack occurs when blood flow is blocked to an area of the heart muscle

The section of heart muscle that is deprived of oxygen begins to die

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Angina Pectoris

Chest pain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pulmonary embolism

A sudden blockage in your pulmonary arteries, the blood vessels that send blood to your lungs.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Heart chamber coronary veins empty into

Right Atrium

Location of pulmonary and aortic valves and purpose

Semilunar valves are located between the ventricles and the large vessels exiting the heart

*The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle

*The aortic semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle

Atrium Function

Upper chambers receive blood

Function of ventricles

the purpose of valves is to prevent backflow

Purpose of papillary muscles in ventricles

Tendineae Attached to papillary muscles of heart wall. Anchors heart.

Right and left pulmonary veins function and location of blood flow

the vessels that return blood to the heart from the lungs

between your lungs and your heart.

Base vs. Apex of the heart

Base- Base (superior end) points towards the right shoulder

Apex- Point of the heart

Mitral/Bicuspid valve locations

Atrioventricular (Tricupsid/mitral) valves are located between the atria and ventricles

Purpose of pulmonary circuit

Pulmonary circulation is the circuit from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart

Pulmonary veins

Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from your lungs to your heart.

Possible result from hole in septum in infants

Mix blood, low oxygen saturation

When are the different heart valves open and closed

Atrium to ventricle AV valves are open as atria contract & ventricles fill AV valves close when ventricles contract

Foramen ovale location

commonly called a “hole in the heart”, results when the opening between the atria does not fully close after birth middle cranial fossa

. Which direction do atrioventricular valve cusps open

- AV valves (Tricipid and Mitral) open into the ventricle

Which side of the heart is a MI more severe on?

Left side

Does the left side have to use more or less force to pump blood after MI?

More force

Put structural components in correct order

SA AV HIS Bundle brancher SA node is normal pace maker

1st heart sound vs 2nd

First sound is caused by the closing of the AV valves Second sound is caused by closing of the semilunar valves

Systole vs disastole and heart

Diastole ventricles are relaxed and passively filling with blood from the atria the atria will contract at the end of diastole to force remaining blood into ventricles AV valves are open; semilunar valves are closed to prevent blood in the aorta and pulmonary trunk from falling back into the ventricles Systole Ventricles contract to force blood out through the aorta (left side) and trunk (right side) AV valves are closed; semilunar valves are open

Direction of blood for most arteries and for most veins

Arteries- Away from heart (AA) Veins- Towards heart

4 problems of tetralogy and repair for each (PROVE)

P- Pulmonary semilunar valve stenosis- Partial or complete blockage of semilunar valve R- Should resolve with other repairs O- Shunt to redirect and separate mixed blood V- Mesh to close hole E- Hehe fake

Highest blood pressure is in which tyoe of blood vessel

Arties- Since they are closer to the heart, they must be able to expand and withstand higher blood pressure

What is the acronym for stroke (FAST)

F- Face: drops A- Arm: Uneven strength S- Speech: Garbled T- Time: Call 911

Waves of EKG

Order: P QRS T U

Disease associated with increased leukocytes

leukemia