Bone Test Flashcards
Functions of Skeletal System
Support
Protection
Movement
Storage
Hematopoiesis- Blood cell
formation occurs in
red marrow
Diaphysis (DIAmond)
Shaft; composed of compact bone
Epiphysis (End)
End of bone; composed of mostly spongy bone
Shapes of bones
Long- Femur
Short- Lateral, Intermediate, medial cuneiform
Flat- Sternum
Irregular- Vertebra
Sesamoid- Patella
Osteoblasts (BLASTS)
Bone destroying cells (BLASTS)
Osteocyte (Old)
Mature bone cells
Purpose of Articular cartilage (ART = SMOOTH)
Cover Epiphysis for smooth movement (Art= paint= smooth)
Purpose of serous fluid (Sofa)
To lubrictae anf cushion organs and surfaces of the body
Purpose of elastic cartialige
Supports parts of the body that need to bend and move to function
Red bone marrow location and function
Location- In cavities of spongy bone in flat bones
Function- Site of hematopoiesis (Blood cell
formation occurs in
red marrow)
Remodeling
Breaking down and reforming of bone that occurs THROUGHOUT LIFE to maintain proportion and strength as well as healthy calcium levels
Yellow bone marrow location and function
Location- in medullary cavity
Function- fat storage
Where are the “soft spots”
Spaces between bones of the skull of an infant
Age of closed fotenels
18 months to 2 years
Lordosis (LOWER)
an exaggerated inwarad curve of the spine that effects the lower back
Ossification
Formation of bone from cartilage
Deviated Septum
Displacement of the wall between nostrils
Cleft Palate
Midline of the hard palate does not close
Purpose of fontanels
Alloes for growth of brain and skull
Largest fontanels
Anterior Fontanelle
Kyphosis
An exaggerated, foward rounding of the upper back
5 vertebral regions
7 cervical, 12 thoratic, 5 lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
Atlas (Las= Last= Not last)
The first vertebra c1
Axis
The second vertebra c2
Common location of hip fracture
Femoral fracture that occurs in the proximal end of the femur near the hip
3 bones the talus articulates with
Tibia
Fibula
Calcaneus
Navicular
Bone that does not contact another bone
Hyoid
What is an articulation?
A joint
What is a Haversian Canal?
Any of the minute tubes which from a network in bone and contain blood vessels allows for paggase of nutrients bwteen blood and bone
Periosteum
Dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of joints.
Lacunae
Location of Osteocytes
Ligaments functions
Attach bones to other bones
Invertabral discs
Gel-like structure that lie between the vertebral bodies, linking them together
responsible for strength and the flexibility of the spine
Types of joints and thier movement
Fibrous- NO movement
Cartigineous- Slightyly movable
Synovial- Most movement
Sprain
A stretching or tearing of ligaments, the fibouros tissue that connects bones and joints
Rickets
Bones fail to calcify, stay soft,
Lack of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorous
Osteoporosis
Weakening of the bone that comes with aging
Scoliosis
Abnormal curvature of the spine
Explain if bones are living or non living
They are living tissue because they grow and repair themsleves throughout life.
Importance of proper nutrition in bone health
Bones support your body and allow you to move.
calcium, protein, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin D, potassium, and fluoride are needed for good bone health
Why do more biological females have poor bone health than biological males?
Most females will experience hormonal changes that increase the risk of osteoporosis, such as menopause.
Early menopause or low estrogen levels can also elevate the risk of diseases.
