Urinary Flashcards
what is stress incontinence
laughing, sneezing, bending, lifting causes leakage
tx for stress incontinence
Kegel exercises, decongestants (pseudoephedrine)
what is urge incontinence?
sudden and strong urge to void immediately
what type of incontinence is overactive bladder?
urge incontinence
treatment for urge incontinence
anticholinergics (oxybutynin) or TCA’s
what is overflow incontinence?
frequent dribbling of small amounts of urine from an overly full bladder due to blockage of flow (BPH, spinal cord injury)
prerenal azotemia
hypoperfused kidneys
leads to acute tubular necrosis
causes- dehydration, blood loss, heart failure
foamy, pink or cola-colored urine, HTN, and edema are signs of what?
glomerulonephritis
what is the most common causative organism for UTI's during reproductive age? A) Klebsiella B) proteus mirabilis C) e. coli D)staphylococcus
C) e.coli
antibiotic for pyelonephritis
ciprofloxacin
1st line antibiotic for uncomplicated UTI
macrobid or bactrim
What populations should avoid macrobid for UTI treatment
elderly and 3rd trimester
What antibiotics treat UTI for complicated UTI and the elderly
Cipro and Bactrim
(+) UA if >______ organisms
100,000 or 10^5
treatment for pregnant women or children with UTI
pregnant #1 Macrobid except 3rd trimester then Keflex.
Peds: Keflex
when to use Bactrim for UTI prophylaxis
2 UTIs in 6 months or 3+ UTIs in a year
Is stress incontinence caused by detrusor overactivity or pelvic floor weakness?
pelvic floor weakness
detrusor overactivity is urge incontinence
UA with white casts= ______
red casts=______
white casts= pyelo
red casts= glomerulonephritis
imaging for kidney stone diagnosis?
renal ultrasound
which of the following is found early in the development of chronic renal failure?
A) elevated creatinine
B) hyperkalemia
C) proteinuria
C) proteinuria
true or false, an alpha blocker can be prescribed to help excrete a kidney stone?
true- flomax
what is balanitis?
yeast infection of the penis’ glans
risk factors include not being circumcised and DM
does testicular torsion get relief with scrotal elevation?
no
does epididymitis have a positive Prehn’s sign?
yes, relief with scrotal elevation
does epididymitis have a normal cremasteric reflex?
yes
A 17 y.o. boy reports his left testicle feels like "a bag of worms." Is this.... A ) orchitis B) epididymitis C) testicular torsion D) varicocele
D) varicocele- abnormal dilation of the veins
