Research and Ethics Flashcards
Sensitivity vs Specificity:
Which is a true positive?
Sensitivity
Sensitivity vs Specificity:
Which is a true negative?
Specificity
Which is to prevent harm and promote good?
nonmaleficence, beneficence, utilitarianism, justice.
beneficence
encouraging a patient to stop smoking.
Is this autonomy nonmaleficence, beneficence, utilitarianism, or justice?
beneficence
Which is to avoid harm?
autonomy nonmaleficence, beneficence, utilitarianism, justice
nonmaleficence
a middle aged woman with osteoporosis wants to be treated with bisphosphonates. The NP advises the pt is not a good candidate for these drugs because of her past GI bleed. The NP does not prescribe bisphosphonates.
What is this? autonomy nonmaleficence, beneficence, utilitarianism, justice
nonmaleficence
the obligation to act in a way that is useful and benefits the majority.
Is this autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, utilitarianism, or justice?
utilitarianism
The quality of being fair and acting with a lack of bias.
Is this autonomy, dignity, accountability, utilitarianism, or justice?
Justice
A homeless alcoholic without insurance presents to the ETC. The patient is triaged the same as all other patients. This is an example of what?
autonomy, dignity, veracity, utilitarianism, or justice.
justice
what is the state of being worthy of ethical and respectful treatment is an example of what?
autonomy, dignity, veracity, utilitarianism, or justice.
dignity
Keeping foley catheter bags out of sight to prevent a patient from being embarrassed is an example of what?
autonomy, dignity, veracity, utilitarianism, or justice.
dignity
The obligation to put trust in relationships and loyalty with patients.
This is an example of…
accountability, dignity, veracity, fidelity, or justice.
fidelity
Is address considered protected health information?
yes along with name, birthdate, SSN#
The obligation to ensure that mentally competent adults have the right to make their own health decisions.
This is an example of what?
autonomy, accountability, veracity, fidelity, confidentiality.
autonomy
A competent patient and her daughter disagree about breast cancer treatment options. The NP has a duty to respect the patient’s decision to get a lumpectomy. This is an example of what?
accountability, autonomy, veracity, fidelity, confidentiality.
autonomy
Health care providers are responsible for their own choices/actions and do not blame others for their mistakes. This is an example of what?
accountability, autonomy, veracity, fidelity, confidentiality.
accountability
The obligation to present information honestly and truthfully in order for pt’s to make informed decisions about their health care. This is what?
accountability, autonomy, veracity, nonmaleficence, fidelity, dignity.
Veracity
A patient’s son does not want her to know the results of her mammogram showing cancer. The NP has a duty to discuss the results with the patient. This is an example of what?
accountability, autonomy, veracity, nonmaleficence, fidelity, dignity.
veracity
Who is a person who acts as an intermediary/liason between the patient and an organizations such as a long-term care facility or government agency.
A guardian ad litem, POA, or ombudsman.
ombudsman- they mediate the complaints from both sides and attempts to reach a fair conclusion
Who is an individual assigned by the courts and has the legal authority to act in the best interest of the patient.
A guardian ad litem, POA, or ombudsman.
guardian ad litem
True or false.
A mental health provider has the right to refuse a patient’s request to view their psychiatric and mental health records.
TRUE
Do sign-in sheets violate HIPPA?
No as long as it only lists names and not diagnoses
True or false.
psychotherapy records made by a mental health professional are treated differently under HIPPA.
TRUE. a separate consent is needed to release these records. Also, professionals have a duty to warn if the patient is going to cause harm to others.
True or false.
The health records of minors under 18 is not allowed to be released to parents without the minor’s consent.
False, health records are allowed to be released to parents of minors.
Provides the continuation of previous health care coverage from former employer when between jobs.
COBRA
HMO vs PPO
Which needs a referral from a PCP?
HMO
think PPO is Preferred
Medicare Part A
- -after age 65 if person paid into it (deductions by their employer)
- -covers in patient care (hospital, hospice, SNF)
- -does not cover nursing or retirement homes
Medicare Part B
- -voluntary program with monthly premiums
- -Outpatient care (labs, xrays, urgent care, clinics, ETC visits, dialysis
- -also covers screenings and preventative care (pap smears, mammograms, physicals, vaccines)
- -does not cover glasses, dentures, prescription, dental
Medicare Part C
- -Inpatient and Outpatient coverage
- -also covers some prescriptions
- -administered by private insurance companies
Medicare Part D
prescription drug benefits
What is Medicaid?
- -provides health insurance for low-income individuals who meet federal poverty-level criteria
- -authorized by the Social Security Act
what type of prevention are vaccines?
primary prevention
top two most important types of research studies
- meta-analysis
2. RCT randomized control study
