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Medical-Surgical Nursing > Urinary > Flashcards

Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the different abnormalities in the urinalysis test and correlate with possible disease condition that may cause the abnormal result.

A 
pyuria
hematuria
glycosuria
ketonuria
dehydration
proteinuria
appearance of casts
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2
Q

What is cystoscopy? what are the indications? what are your nursing responsibilities?

A

Diagnostic
Therapeutic
Pre- and Post-procedure care

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3
Q

What is renal biopsy? what are the indications? what are your nursing responsibilities?

A

Diagnostic

Pre- and Post-procedure care

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4
Q

What are the different imaging studies used to visualize the renal system?

A 
US
CT
MRI
pyelogram
urography
cystography
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5
Q

What are the different functions of the kidneys?

A 
form urine
regulate H2O
acid-base
electrolyte
vitamin D synthesis
secretion of prostaglandin, thromboxane, leukotriene
RBC production
BP regulation
excretion of waste products
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6
Q

What are the 3 stages of urine production? What are the normal and abnormal components of the urine?

A

see ppt/book –> urine formation diagram

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7
Q

Differentiate Upper UTI from Lower UTI?

A

anatomy

manifestations

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8
Q

What are the factors that increases the risk of UTI in an individual?

A

Chart 55-2

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9
Q

What are your health teachings to reduce the risk of UTI?

A 
fluid intake!
hygiene
medications
avoid urinary tract irritants
regular voiding
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10
Q

What are the different types of renal stones?

A 
calcium - most common
struvite
oxalate
cystine/xanthine
uric acid
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11
Q

What are the manifestations of a patient with nephrolithiasis?

A

Pain!
Hematuria
complication: UTI (also, urinary obstruction)

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12
Q

What is the immediate objective in managing a patient with nephrolithiasis?

A

Pain relief!

Then, eradicate the stone and prevent complications

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13
Q

For stones < 5mm, what important health teaching will you provide the patient?

A

increase fluid intake and strain urine as the stone has a very high chance of spontaneously passing out with urine.

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14
Q

What are the treatment options available for patients with large renal stones?

A

ECSWL or percutaneous nephrostomy

health teachings after???

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15
Q

Differentiate AGN from Nephrotic Syndrome

A

AGN: inflammation of glomerulus due to the deposition of Antigen-Antibody complex
Nephrotic Syndrome: constellation of symptoms due to increase glomerular permeability and is manifested by massive proteinuria

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16
Q

Management for AGN/Nephrotic syndrome?

A 
Treat specific cause
Anti-hypertensive (ACEI or ARB)/Na-restriction
Steroids
Diuretics
Fluid restrictions as needed
Avoid nephrotoxic medications
Statins if with hyperlipidemia
SCD/compression stockings if with risk for clotting

Medical-Surgical Nursing (8 decks)

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