Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

Differentiate Type 1 from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 1

etiology
onset
treatment

Question 2

Identify risk factors and co-morbid conditions for Diabetes and enumerate health teachings to address each

Answer 2

Genetic
Family History
Minority Population
Medications
Lifestyle
Exercise
Diet
HTN
Dyslipidemia
Renal disorders
CVD
Endocrine Disorders

Question 3

What are the signs and symptoms of Diabetes and describe the rationale why they appear?

Answer 3

3 "Ps"
Fatigue
Weight loss
Paresthesia
Blurry vision
Weakness
Poor wound healing
Increase risk for infection

Question 4

Review the different types of oral hypoglycemic agents

Answer 4

Refer to padlet/book

Question 5

What are the different types of insulin and discuss

Answer 5

Rapid acting
Short acting
Intermediate acting
Long acting

Onset/Peak
Examples
How to administer?

Question 6

What specific dietary and lifestyle modifications will you instruct your patient to help manage Diabetes?

Answer 6

Refer to padlet/book

Question 7

What are the laboratory tests that can be done to support a diagnosis of Diabetes?

Answer 7

Fasting blood sugar
Random blood sugar + manifestations of DM
HgbA1C
OGTT
Urine test

Question 8

How do DKA and HHS develop? What are the similarities? How about the differences?

Answer 8

Refer to book

Question 9

What are the common complaints of an individual experiencing diabetic neuropathy?

Answer 9

decrease or loss of sensation
numbness
tingling sensation
'pins and needles'
increased risk for injury

Question 10

What is the management for a patient who has DKA? HHS?

Answer 10

Hydration/Fluid resuscitation and then maintenance
Potassium correction (4-5 mEq/L)
Insulin
Correct other electrolyte imbalances
Monitoring
***For DKA: reversal of acidosis

Question 11

What are your health teachings for a patient with diabetic neuropathy?

Answer 11

control of hyperglycemia
medications
safety
skin/foot care
appropriate footwear