Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P 202 > Urinary > Flashcards

Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

What do kidneys filter out the blood?

A 
Remove waste (Urea)
Test urine - Urinalysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What 3 Nitrogenous wastes from blood are removed?

A

Ammonia, Urea, Uric Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Ammonia a product of?

A

Digestion of proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Urea a product of?

A

Protein metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Uric Acid a product of?

A

Break down of purines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the main nitrogenous waste in blood?

A

Urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Urinary system regulates?

A

Blood volume
Blood pressure
Water excreted in the urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Location, position, and appearance of the left kidney?

A

Vertebral level T12-L3
Below diaphragm, posterior to spleen
Larger, Bean shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Location, position, and appearance of the right kidney?

A

Posterior abdomen
Below diaphragm, posterior to liver, lower
Smaller, Slimmer, Bean shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 major regions of the kidney?

A

Peripheral rim of cortex

Central Medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Central Medulla location and appearance?

A

Inner most part of kidney

Appear striated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many lobes do human kidneys have?

A

7-11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The kidney lobe consist of?

A

Renal pyramid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the Minor Calyces job?

A

Collects urine from pyramid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the Major Calyces?

A

Surrounds the apex of renal pyramids

Urine formed in kidney passes here before renal pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What enters through the Renal Artery?

A

Oxygenated blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What leaves through the Renal Vein?

A

Deoxygenated blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What leaves through the Ureter?

A

Pee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Blood flow from Aorta-Kidney-Inferior vena cava?

A
  1. Abdominal Aorta
  2. Left or Right Renal artery
  3. Segmental arteries
  4. Interlobar arteries
  5. Arcuate arteries
  6. Interlobular arteries
  7. Nephron
  8. Afferent arterioles
  9. Glomerulus
  10. Efferent arterioles
  11. Peritubular capillaries
  12. Interlobular vein
  13. Arcuate vein
  14. Interlobar vein
  15. Segmental vein
  16. Renal vein
  17. Inferior vena cava
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does it mean to be diuretic?

A

Increased passing of urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What hormones play roles in the kidneys functionality?

A

Erythropoietin
Calcitriol
Renin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How much do the kidneys filter a day?

A

50 gallons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How much is reabsorbed?

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Uriniferous Tubule is made of what 2 major areas?

A

Nephron and collecting ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Detail the structures within the Uriniferous Tubule?

A

Divided into the proximal tubule, the intermediate (thin) tubule, the distal tubule and the collecting duct.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

3 key steps to function of Uriniferous Tubule?

A

Filtration, Reabsorbtion, Secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Explain what these steps mean and what is happening during each step?

A

Filtration - Fluid squeezed out of Glomerular capillary bed

Reabsorbtion - Most nutrients, water and ions are returned to the blood of the peritubular capillaries

Secretion - Moves additional molecules into tubule from blood of peritubular capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

2 Major areas of Nephron?

A

Renal corpuscle and renal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are the 3 key tubular regions of the Nephron’s Tubular Section?

A

Proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What happens in the distal convoluted tubule?

A

Reabsorb many ions and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What happens in the proximal convoluted tubule?

A

Reabsorbs filtered glucose into peritubular capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What happens in the loop of Henle?

A

Recovery of water and sodium chloride from urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are collecting ducts of kidney?

A

Collects urine from nephron and moves urine into the renal pelvis and ureters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How does ADH play a role with the collecting ducts?

A

Antidiuretic hormone binds to receptors on cells in the collecting ducts of the kidney and promotes reabsorption of water back into the circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Ureters structure and function?

A

Narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder. Muscles in the Ureters walls tighten and relax to force urine downward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Sphincter muscle?

A

Two muscles used to control the exit of urine in the urinary bladder through the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Difference between sexes bladder?

A

Female sits below uterus

Men sits in front of rectum, above prostate gland

38
Q

Difference between sexes urethra?

A

Female urethra embedded within vaginal wall, shorter

Male urethra is longer

39
Q

How do we know we need to pee?

A

Nerve endings in the bladder wall send a message to the brain that you need to pee.

40
Q

What is the make up of urine?

A

Water, Urea, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride

41
Q

What can we learn from urine?

A

Urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes

42
Q

Why use urinalysis?

A

To detect and manage a wide range of disorders

43
Q

Normal pee color?

A

Light yellow

44
Q

Abnormal pee color?

A

Brown, Red

45
Q

If abnormal, what could that mean?

A

Kidney failure, Infection, Food you eat

46
Q

Normal pee odor?

A

Mild - not too noticeable

47
Q

Abnormal pee odor?

A

Foul smelling

48
Q

Abnormal pee odor could mean?

A

Medical condition or disease

49
Q

Normal pH level of pee?

A

6 but ranges 4.5-8

50
Q

Glucose found in urine means?

A

High blood sugar (diabetes, kidney disease)

51
Q

Proteins found in urine means?

A

Kidney disease

52
Q

Ketones found in urine means?

A

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

53
Q

Bile Pigments found in urine means?

A

Liver dysfunction

54
Q

Red blood cells found in urine means?

A

A viral infection

55
Q

White blood cells found in urine means?

A

Bacterial urinary tract infection

56
Q

Casts found in urine means?

A

Kidney disease

57
Q

Where is ADH made?

A

Hypothalamus

58
Q

What hormone tells the kidney to hold fluid?

A

Antidiuretic

59
Q

Important parts of kidney?

A

Renal Cortex
Medulla Pyramids
Renal Column - In between pyramids

60
Q

How many entrance into kidney?

A

1 - Renal Artery

61
Q

Renal artery breaks into?

A

Segmental artery

62
Q

Segmental artery breaks into?

A

Lobar artery

63
Q

Lobar artery break into?

A

Interlobars

64
Q

Interlobars break into?

A

Arcuates

65
Q

Yellow dots on the kidney are?

A

Glomerular

66
Q

Nephron loop always in the?

A

Medulla

67
Q

Glomerular always in the?

A

Cortex

68
Q

Afferent brings everything into the?

A

Glomerulus

69
Q

Efferent leaves out of the?

A

Glomerulus

70
Q

Glomerulus job?

A

Filter

71
Q

Outline of pathway?

A 
Uriniferous tubule
Nephron
Renal Corpuscle
Glomerulus
Glomerular Capsule
Tubular section
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
72
Q

Collecting duct dumps into?

A

Minor Calyx

73
Q

All filtrate goes into?

A

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

74
Q

How does glucose cross membrane? Active or passive?

A

Passive - Facilitated diffusion

75
Q

How does water cross membrane? Active or passive?

A

Osmosis - Passive

76
Q

How does amino acid/sodium cross membrane? Active or passive?

A

Active - ATP

77
Q

Glucose cannot get in membrane without?

A

Protein who gets permission from insulin

78
Q

Proximal Convoluted Tubule reabsorbs how much sodium?

A

65%

79
Q

Proximal Convoluted Tubule absorbs?

A

Glucose, water, amino acid and sodium

80
Q

Proximal Convoluted Tubule reabsorbs how much water?

A

65%

81
Q

What % of Bicarbonate is reabsorb in Proximal Convoluted Tubule?

A

90%

82
Q

Proximal Convoluted Tubule reabsorbs how much chlorine and potassium?

A

50%

83
Q

Loop of henle does what?

A

Create gradient of higher sodium within medulla

84
Q

Loop of henle reabsorbs how much sodium?

A

25%

85
Q

Loop of henle reabsorbs how much water?

A

15%

86
Q

Loop of henle reabsorbs how much potassium?

A

40%

87
Q

what does Aldosterone tell us to reabsorbs and excrete?

A

Sodium, water and excrete potassium

88
Q

Aldosterone regulate pH by?

A

Secreting Hydrogen ion when pH of plasma is low

89
Q

When you reach the DCT, how much of water remains? chlorine?

A

20% and 10%

90
Q

Collecting duct role?

A

Collect urine - water

91
Q

What hormone helps collecting duct?

A

ADH

92
Q

Impact alcohol has on collecting duct?

A

Makes you pee which causes dehydration due to stopping hormone ADH

A&P 202 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions