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A&P 202 > Endocrine Chapter 16 > Flashcards

Endocrine Chapter 16 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the Endocrine System do?

A

Release hormone into the blood

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of hormones?

A

Protein/Steroid

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3
Q

What is the name of chain proteins?

A

Primary Proteins

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4
Q

What are the messengers?

A

Hormones

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5
Q

Protein Hormones bind to what?

A

Receptors on the cell surface

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6
Q

Steroid Hormones bind to what?

A

In cytoplasm near nucleus

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7
Q

Endocrine gets their name from?

A

Release hormone directly into blood

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8
Q

What are Exocrine glands?

A

Mammary, Liver, Sweat

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9
Q

Pituitary gland job?

A

Make sure other glands do their job

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10
Q

Hypothalamus does what?

A

Control secretion

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11
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Continuing the ongoing trend

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12
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

To decrease or stop the trend

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13
Q

Tropic Hormone are what?

A

Chain reactions

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14
Q

Name 4 Hypothalamus Hormone?

A

Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone
Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone
Prolactin Releasing Hormone
Prolactin Inhibiting Hormone

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15
Q

Where do each hormone go to?

A

Pituitary gland

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16
Q

Pituitary 2 names?

A

Posterior Pituitary

Anterior Pituitary

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17
Q

Posterior Pituitary is responsible for?

A

Store and release Oxytocin, Antidiuretic Hormone

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18
Q

What does ADH (Antidiuretic) do?

A

Tell us to hold fluid

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19
Q

Oxytocin target tissue? function?

A

Mammary gland - produce milk

Uterus - Contraction

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20
Q

Adrenocorticotropic target tissue? function?

A

Adrenal Cortex - produce/release cortisol from Adrenal gland

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21
Q

Prolactin target tissue? function?

A

Mammary gland - breast milk

22
Q

Pineal gland location, function, hormone, target tissue?

A

Deep in the brain
Secrete hormone to make you sleep
Melatonin
Brain

23
Q

Thyroid location, how many lobes, joined by?

A

Front portion of neck
2 lobes
Isthmus

24
Q

Sacs inside gland filled with?

A

Colloid

25
Q

What mineral is required for T3, T4?

A

Iodine

26
Q

T4 other name?

A

Thyroxine

27
Q

What are T3 and T4 released into?

A

Blood

28
Q

T3 and T4 function?

A

Speed up metabolism

29
Q

ā€œCā€ Cells produce what?

A

Calcitonin

30
Q

What does Calcitonin do?

A

Active osteoblast - tone bone

31
Q

Low level of Thyroid hormone is called?

A

Hypothyroidism

32
Q

High level of Thyroid hormone is called?

A

Hyperthyroidism

33
Q

Where are parathyroid? Describe them

A

Look like peas located on the Thyroid gland

34
Q

How many parathyroid are there?

A

4 total, 2 left and 2 right

35
Q

What does parathyroid do?

A

Release calcium into the blood by bones

36
Q

Hypocalcemia is what?

A

Low calcium level in the body

37
Q

Thymus location, function, hormone?

A

Below thyroid gland
Fights infection
Thymosin, Thymulin

38
Q

Pancreas location?

A

Behind stomach, left upper abdomen

39
Q

Pancreas has what specialized tissues?

A

Islets Langerhan

40
Q

3 type of cells in these tissues?

A

Alpha
Beta
Delta

41
Q

Alpha cell release? function? When does this occur? Target tissue?

A

Glucagon
Increase blood glucose level
Blood glucose level drop
Liver

42
Q

Glycogen is what?

A

Stored sugar

43
Q

Name of process where Glycogen is made?

A

Glycogenesis

44
Q

Beta cell release what hormone? Target tissue? Function?

A

Insulin, Every cell, Lower blood sugar level

45
Q

Delta cells release? Function?

A

Somatostatin, Inhibit glucose and insulin

46
Q

Adrenal glands are where? how many?

A

On top of kidney

2

47
Q

Adrenal Medulla secretes?

A

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

48
Q

Adrenal hormones are called?

A

Steroid hormone

49
Q

What are Epinephrine? Norepinephrine?

A

Adrenaline, Lower blood pressure

50
Q

Adrenal Cortex 3 classes?

A

Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids, Androgenic

51
Q

Adenohypophysis?

A

Thyroid stimulating
Follicle stimulating
Melanocyte stimulating

52
Q

Neurohypophysis?

A

Oxytocin, Vasopressin

A&P 202 (8 decks)

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