Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the urinary bladder

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2
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation in the kidneys due to UTI

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3
Q

AV fistula vs AV graft

A

AVF - last longer loger healing time

AVG - ready to use quicker easier to impalnt

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4
Q

dialysis vs CRRT

A

dialysis happens 3-4 times a week CRRT is continuous

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5
Q

PT considerations renal
primary
general

A
primary 
◦ optimize safe mobility
◦ maximize activity tolerance
◦ prevent post-op complications
general
 Evaluating labs, monitor
◦ Awareness of cognitive changes 
◦ Reduced exercise tolerance - especially after RRT
 Pulmonary edema
◦ Multiple medical complications (DM, HTN)
◦ Referred pain ◦ Incontinence
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6
Q

blood transfusion reactions

A

happen within 15 mins of transfusion

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7
Q

endartectomy

A

removal of slcerotic material/ occlusive material

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8
Q

peripheral vascular bypass graft

A

used to perfuse ischemic areas

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9
Q

common spots of lymph nodes drain

A

axillary and inguinal

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10
Q

R lymph gets what and goes into where

A

R upper chest and R hand and R face

drains into R subclavian/jugular

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11
Q

L lymph system drains what and dumps where

A

driains all L side of body and R LE

into L jugular and L subclavian

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12
Q

stemmers sign

A

can pick up the skin over the toes is a negative

cant pick up the skin over the toes is a positive

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13
Q

functions of genitourinary

A
excretion of cellular waste
reg of BV
electrolyte reg
acid base balance
arterial BP
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14
Q

kidney pain referral

A

T10-L1
lumbar spine ipsi
upper abdomen

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15
Q

ureter referral pattern

A
T11-L2, S2-4
groin
upper and lower abdomen
suprapubic region
scrotum
medial and prox thigh
thoracolumbar region
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16
Q

urinary bladder referral

A

T11-L2 S2-4
sacral apex
suprapubic region
throacolumbar

17
Q
dysuria
nocturia
hematuria
proteinuria
oliguria
A
dysuria - painful urination
nocturia - night urination
hematuria - blood in urine
proteinuria - urine appears foamy
oliguria - very low urine output
18
Q

Dx tests

A

urinalysis - detect GU and other systemic disease

creatinine - high kidney Dysfunction

GFR

Bun

high creatinine and BUN = impaired cog

19
Q

cystoscopy

A

look into the blader

20
Q

cystometry

A

motor and sensory function of the bladder

21
Q
acute kidney injury 
stages based on
1. pre renal
2. intra renal
3. post renal
A

stages based on creatinine levels and urine output

  1. pre renal - decreased BF, hypovolemic shock or massive burns
  2. intra renal - dmg to kidney themselves –> necrosis or rhabdo
  3. post renal - tumors kidney stones ect
22
Q

chronic kidney

A

irreversible kidney dysfunction

determined by GFR

23
Q

urethritis

A

infection of the urethra

24
Q

diabetic nephropathy

clinical signs

A

primary cause leading to CRRT –> ESRD

microalbuminuria
decreased GFR
manifestation of AKI or CKD

25
Q
urinary incontinence
stress
urge
mixed
overflow
functional
A

stress - increased pressure leads to small leakage
urge - larger leakage occurs after delayed sensation of full bladder
mixed - combination of stress and urge
overflow - leakage of urine from mechanical forces or urinary retention from an overdistended bladder
functional - cog or physical impairments

26
Q

benign prostatic hyerplasia

A

enlarged prostate - can squeeze urethra

27
Q

renal replacement therapy
PD - peritoneal dialysis
HD - intermittent hemodialysis

A

PD - functional peritoneal cavity, ability of pt/caregiver to manage exchanges - can not clean

HD - very fatiguing, helps with fluid volume and cleaning