Urinalysis Flashcards

1
Q

Nephron

A

Functional unit of the kidney

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2
Q

Urinary bladder

A

Hollow muscular organ that holds urine until expelled

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3
Q

Renal tubules-3

A

Proximal convoluted tubules
Nephron loop
Distal convoluted tubules

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4
Q

Glomerulus

A

Filtering unit of kidney

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5
Q

Renal threshold

A

Blood levels too high to be reabsorbed

Excreted in urine

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6
Q

3 mechanisms of urine formation

A

Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion

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7
Q

Functions of urinary system

A

Removes unwanted waste
Stabalizes blood volume, acidity and electrolytes
Regulates extracellular fluids of body absorption
Secretes hormones- erythropoietin-controls rate of red blood cells
Retin-a regulates blood pressure

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8
Q

Examine urine within how lomg of collection

A

1 hour or refrigerate if longer

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9
Q

Why UTIs are more common in women

A

Shorter urethra

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10
Q

Why cant urine stand room temp for long?

A

Start to build bacteria

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11
Q

How much urine does normal adult excrete a day?

A

1200-1500 mL

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12
Q

Bacteria in urine smell like?

A

Ammonia

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13
Q

Most common test in a pol clia waived rest

A

Urinalysis

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14
Q

3 parts of routine urinalysis

A

Physical
Chemical
Microscope

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15
Q

3 reasons why urinalysis could be ordered

A

Screening-physical exam
Diagnosis-pathological conditions
Treatment- effectiveness

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16
Q

Anuria

A

No flow

17
Q

Oliguria

A

Decrease in flow and volume

18
Q

Polyuria

A

Frequent urination

19
Q

Diuresis

A

Increase volume of urine output

20
Q

Urgency

A

Immediate need to void

21
Q

Pyuria

A

White blood cells in urine

22
Q

Glycosuria

A

Sugars in urine

23
Q

Hematuria

A

Red blood cells in urine

24
Q

Urochrome

A

Normal pigment, gives urine its characteristic shades of yellow

25
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful urination

26
Q

Micturition

A

Voiding/urination

27
Q

Urine collection procedure

A

Volume needed (25-50ml)
Clean outside of container cups with disinfectant
Label correctly
Use correct urine containers: adult and pediatrics

28
Q

Descriptive words used for normal color of urine

A

Light yellow (straw) to yellow to dark yellow (amber)

29
Q

Abnormal colors of urine and specific causes?

A

Yellow-beown: bilirubin
Orange-yellow: urobiliruben
Green: biliverden (foam test)
Dark red: red blood cells

30
Q

2 slender muscular tubes 10-12 in long carry urine formed in two kidneys to urinary bladder

A

Ureters

31
Q

Time that Carrie’s urine out of body

A

Urethra- male: 8in

Female: 1.5in

32
Q

Flow of urine

A
Bloodstream 
Glomerulus
Glomerular (bowman) capsule 
Renal tubules 
Collecting ducts
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Urinary meatus
33
Q

How much water makes up urine

A

95%

34
Q

Daily urine output

A

1200-1500 ml

35
Q

1st morning specimen

A

Specimen of choice, most concentrated
If not voided overnight formed over 8hr period
At least 25 ml