Urinalysis Flashcards
What is an MSU and why use it?
Mid stream urine sample
Reduces chance of contamination from hands or urethral opening
What would red urine indicate?
Blood (haematuria)
Rifampicin/doxorubicin can turn it red
Desferrioxamine may turn it reddish brown
Why would urine be sweet smelling?
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Why would urine be foul smelling?
Infection
What causes haematuria
Calculi (kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra) Trauma Malignancy Polycystic kidney disease Interstitial nephritis Glomerulonephritis Infection Anticoagulants BPH Vaginal bleeding?
How long do you dip the urine for?
2-3 secs
How long do you wait until reading the dipstick?
1 minute, allow to dry horizontally
What would the presence of ketones show?
DKA or starvation
Nitrites and leukocytes?
Infection
Protein in urine?
Renal disease
Pre eclampsia
Hypertension
Nephrotic syndrome
What is nephrotic syndrome?
Proteinuria, low albumin in blood, oedema, raised cholesterol
Glucose in urine?
Diabetes
Pregnancy
Acidic urine
Calculi made of uric acid and cysteine
Alkali urine
Infection with urea splitting organism
How would you collect urine in a baby?
Clean catch urine
Nappy removed and surrounding area cleaned
Collected in sterile pot
