Urinalysis Flashcards

1
Q

What’s a normal amount of urine production?

A

Cats , Dogs and horses all produce 1-2ml of urine per hour which is effectively 24/48 mls a day

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2
Q

In avian species why can urine analysis be difficult ?

A

Bird must be houses separately, it can be difficult to separate urine from fecal matter

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3
Q

Urine should be collected in the morning why?

A

Sample is more concentrated, more likely to highlight bacterial content , evidence of crystals and other parameters

May have an effect on interpretation of specific gravity and hydration status

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4
Q

What is specific gravity ?

A

Testing specific gravity with a refractometer Indicated the concentrating ability of of the animals kidney

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5
Q

What do you use to collect a urine sample?

A
  • Universal containers
  • Bacteriology sample - boric acid container will be provided preserves the bacteria
  • katkor litter for cat sample
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6
Q

What is the normal SG for a Canine ?

A

1:015 - 1:045

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7
Q

What is the normal SG range for a Feline?

A

1:035 - 1:060

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8
Q

What is the normal SG for an Equine?

A

1:020 - 1:050

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9
Q

Symptoms of elevated SG levels?

A
  • Dehydration
  • Acute renal failure
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • shock
  • sediment
  • Haemorrhage

Elevated SG means concentrated urine

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10
Q

Symptoms of Decreased SG ??

A
  • Polydipsia
  • Chronic renal failure
  • Diabetes insipidus
  • Cortico-steroid treatment
  • pyometra

Decreased SG means urine is less concentrated

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11
Q

Urine sampling is of significant diagnostic value why?

A
  • Several methods of collection, results are easily indicative of abnormalities less stressful for birds
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