Urbanisation Flashcards
From what year does population growth start exploding?
Roughly 1925
Why did the population stay mainly stable from 1550-1925?
Healthcare and medicine was very poor so many people could die from minor diseases like a cold.
Name two reasons for population growth during history.
In 1928 penicillin was discovered.
After WW2 I’m 1945, the men returned home and there was a ‘baby boom’
In 1977 smallpox was eradicated.
In the 60s and 70s hippies encouraged ‘free love’
What is urbanisation?
The increase in proportion of people living in built up areas.
What is a push factor?
Reasons to leave a place.
What is a pull factor?
Reasons to go to a place.
What is migration?
The movement of people within a country.
What was the Agricultural Revolution and when did it take place?
When people moved away from agriculture to industry, working in factories. It took place from the 1800s onwards.
Give two pull factors to urban areas.
Religious tolerance
More, better jobs
Education, healthcare and entertainment.
Give two push factors from rural areas.
Natural disasters.
War.
Low wages.
Few jobs.
Name three social issues in shanty towns.
Increase in children begging They are illegal Malnutrition Poverty High birth rates Overcrowding Split up of families Huge increase in crime
What is a mega city?
A city with a population of over 10 million.
Name four mega cities.
Rio Delhi Tokyo Jakarta Seoul Shanghai Mexico City São Paulo LA London
What continent holds most mega cities?
Asia
Name a threat facing mega cities.
Large volumes of congestion.
Produce a lot of waste.
Difficult/ impossible to provide clean water for all.
What and where is Masdar city?
Masdar City is a completely carbon free, waste free city located near Abu Dhabi in the UAE.
Give three ways Masdar City is sustainable.
Powered by solar panels
There are many walls to keep the wind out
No driving
Wind towers that provide a cool breeze
No light switches or taps, controlled by motion sensors instead.
What is BedZED and how are they sustainable?
They are an eco friendly community in Beddington, London and they are sustainable by: Segregated recycling bins Low flow taps Grey water system Eye level energy meters.
What has London done to make its transport more sustainable?
The congestion charge zone
Ultra low emissions zone
Electric vehicles
Bikes to hire.
How do congestion charges help reduce pollution in London?
It discourages people from driving into the centre of London and encourages the use of (often electric) public transport.
