Urban waste and disposal

Question 1

Waste Generation

Answer 1

Global waste increases 4% every year, in 2002 2.9 billion residence generated 0.64 kg of waste per day, this is increased by 0.78 kg per person, population has increased to 4.3 billion

Question 2

impacts of increasing waste generation

Answer 2

Cost of collecting and treating waste to high, environmentally waste is large source of methane, affects ground water and air pollution, untreated or uncollected waste leads to health problems, cities are running out of landfill space

Question 3

approaches to waste management

Answer 3

Reduce the amount of waste produced, legalisation, education and financial incentives, waste disposal through incineration landfill

Question 4

Methods of waste management and disposal

Answer 4

Recycling and recovery, trade, incineration, landfill

Question 5

Landfill vs incineration in Amsterdam

Answer 5

Amsterdam is the cultural capital of the Netherlands, that’s the populated, greater consumption of goods, increased waste generation, lack of space, reduce landfill = Dutch government

Question 6

Dutch approach is

Answer 6

avoid creating waste in the first place recover the valuable raw materials from it, generated by incinerating and then only dumped what is left

Question 7

Landfill

Answer 7

Increasing level of material consumption and significant lack of space, increasing numbers of objections to waste disposal sites from public due to smell soil pollution and groundwater contamination, in 1995 government introduced landfill tax on every ton of landfill material, landfill ban covering 35 waste categories, amount of waste sent to landfill decreased

Question 8

incineration

Answer 8

Waste to energy, Amsterdam created AEB in generation plant, also being used to create heating for several communities, Annually 1,4 million tons of waste is brought to the plant, 64% ends up recycled, material becomes landfill, next to the plant Waternet water treatment plant , the two plants work together, water treatment plant inject sludge and bio gas into the incineration plant for additional fuel, the incineration plant supplies energy in heat for water plant

Question 9

Environmental comparison

Answer 9

If the equivalent amount of waste was put into landfill, the CO2 emissions each year would be 1036 kg tonnes, it would reduce the total of emissions to 404 kg tons by the incineration plant,

Question 10

conclusion

Answer 10

The ways to energy strategy is considered both economically and environmentally better than landfill, incineration is still a controversial waste disposal strategy, in 2014 Dutch government at target to reduce waste to incineration by 50% and improve rates of reduction and recycling