Urban/Rural

Question 1

Lower Brittany

Answer 1

Less intense social pyramid. Intense rebellions (Chouannerie) because of rising taxes and dues that made ST leases essential and Domaine Congeable became a burden instead of a benefit. LE GOFF AND SUTHERLAND

Question 2

Cahiers des Doleances

Answer 2

J MARKOFF 40,000. “Joint statement of community”. No interest in foreign affairs, mainly commerce/agriculture. Resentment of lord’s rights, especially in Versailles (JONES)

Question 3

The Great Fear

Answer 3

Late 1789, defending against bandits. Fear of émigré’s attacking France with for feign forces, exacerbated by time of year. Most fear along roads.

Question 4

1791 constitution enfranchisement

Answer 4

Many people lost right to vote because of new age and property restrictions (self sufficient, age 25) (Sieyès)

Question 5

Urban/rural electorate?

Answer 5

CROOK Dijon: urban - 36% in 1790, 72% rural. Continues to 1792 but only 1% difference by then. 50% voter turnout for LOCAL elections. Paris: urban - 12%, rural - 20%. Involvement increased under Jacobins - from 6 - 30% electorate

Question 6

Sommières riot - 1791

Answer 6

TACKETT mass female hysteria over non-juring Curé. Stoned officials that approached church in fear they would force the oath. Cooperation between older women, all linked by marriage and faith.

Question 7

Rural economy

Answer 7

JONES price of goods rose 45% 1726/41-1771/89, where wages rose 22%

Question 8

Partage laws

Answer 8

1793, Jacobins, failed to reshape social pyramid because landowners and bourgeois could afford plots where peasants couldn’t. Often peasants bought but were too small and later reclaimed.

Question 9

Eg. Emigrating noble

Answer 9

Comte d’Artois

Question 10

Exacerbating factors: great fear

Answer 10

Subsistence crisis, harvest period, troops on city boundaries in Paris (rumours of ransacking), N A being dispersed after Royal Session - fears of a coup, Flight to Varennes

Question 11

Morals?

Answer 11

CROSSLEY: works of BONALD urban inhabitants associated with moral depravity; MICHELET - towns a source of intellectual stimulus. Used the ‘electricity analogy’ with Paris as the transformer for the relays from the countryside.

Question 12

Beauvaisis (North Paris)

Answer 12

80% peasants on tiny plots. None economically independent. SUTHERLAND

Question 13

Vendée

Answer 13

TILLY divisions between aristocrats and patriots before the riots of 1793. Local villages: site of constant contact between two groups unlike in the city. Inefficient dealing with Partage meant further unpopularity.

Question 14

Elections to the 3E…

Answer 14

Connected local bailliages and bourgeois revolutionaries LEFEBVRE

Question 15

Eg. Attack on seigneurialism

Answer 15

M d’Espraux, Aix parlement, Provence, LEFEBVRE: locals attacked and reclaimed grain, searched for records, servants had to make him renounce his rights. Later claimed he couldn’t collect rents without an armed escort.