Terror

Question 1

September massacres

Answer 1

Sept 1792

Question 2

Deaths September massacres

Answer 2

Andress - 1200/1500 civilians

Question 3

Abbaye stats

Answer 3

250 of 450 prisoners spared

Question 4

Carnes

Answer 4

115 of 160 executed

Question 5

Sentences September massacres

Answer 5

7 in 10 condemned of brigandage (Andress)

Question 6

Total deaths terror

Answer 6

14000 (W Doyle)

Question 7

Revolts in…

Answer 7

49 of 83 departments

Question 8

Dumouriez defects:

Answer 8

1793

Question 9

Brunswick Manifesto

Answer 9

August 1792

Question 10

Quote: Armées Révolutionairres

Answer 10

“The weapon of the economic interests of the urban sans-culottes”

Question 11

Events at Lyon

Answer 11

3 month siege late 1793

2000 dead over the winter to 1794 (partially punishments afterwards)

Question 12

Eg. Leader of Vendée revolt

Answer 12

Marquis de Bonchamps

Question 13

Vendean army:

Answer 13

Royal and Catholic Army

Question 14

Representative on Mission for Vendée

Answer 14

Carrier - drowned nearly 2000 at Nantes (Loire). Executed December 1794 after a trial.

Question 15

Key mechanisms of Terror

Answer 15

Committees of General Security (legislation, justice) and Public Safety (war effort), surveillance Committees in localities, Revolutionary Tribunal (created 1793), Food committee (grain requisitioning)

Question 16

Key legislation:

Answer 16

Sept 1793 law of suspects, General Maximum. Oct 93 decree of emergency government. Dec 93 Frimairie law (increased power to committees). June 94 law of Prairial (speed up dealing with suspects - less evidence/no defence)

Question 17

Deaths from Thermidorean Reaction

Answer 17

2000

Question 18

Closure of Jacobin club

Answer 18

1794

Question 19

Date Thermidor coup

Answer 19

27th July 1794

Question 20

Thermidor coup: causes

Answer 20

Festival of Supreme Being, R’s seclusion and announcement of an internal threat, discomfort with Terror in the Convention. Results in dissolution of the machinery of the terror and change in Constitution.

Question 21

Dates of terror

Answer 21

1793-94

Question 22

Soboul

Answer 22

Terror was “both response and anticipation” of war

Question 23

R’s speech 5 Feb 1794 (trans R Bienvenu)

Answer 23

“Terror is nothing but prompt, severe, inflexible justice”

“We must smother internal and external enemies of the Republic or perish”

Question 24

R Cobb - Armées Révolutionnaires

Answer 24

Essentially became “the weapon of the economic interests of the urban sans-culottes”