urban issues and challenges Flashcards
over … of the worlds pop. live in urban areas
1/2
urbanisation definition
an increase in the proportion of people living in an urban area
why do more people live in towns and cities
better public transport
more jobs ➡️ tech has replaced manual labour
shops and services are much closer
name 3 factors of urbanistaion
migration
natural increase
location
economic development
push factors from rural areas
drought
schools only provide basic education
farming is hard and poorly paid
few doctors and hospitals
famine from poor harvests
isolated
pull factors to urban areas
more welk paid job
higher standards of living
better chance of getting an education
range of entertainments
public transport is better
better medical facilities
already know people there
natural increase formula
birth rate - death rate of an area
BRICS
brazil russia india china south africa
MINT
mexico indonesia nigeria turkey
BRICS and MINT are
newly emerging economies or nees
a megacity is
a city with over 10 million citizens
the pop. of Mumbai is over
20 million
mumbai is on
the west coast of india
mumbai is not
the city with the highest pop. in india
Mumbai is the countrys
financial and commercial capital and the countrys richest city
….. people visit the city everyday
3 million
there are …. people on trains in mumbai every day
8 million
.. people die a day on railway lines in mumbai
7
…. of people in mumbai live in slums
50%
the largest slum in mumbai is called
dharavi
…. of the citys plastic waste is sorted in dharavi
60%
…. of mumbai residents have access to running water
20%
dharavi is located
to the east of mahim bay
11 km north of the CBD (central business district)
mumbai has over ….. km of coastline
150
Mumbai has .. airports
2 ( + 1 being built)
in mumbai those with higher qualifications ( eg diplomas ) have a rate of …. unemployment
9.7%
the annual minimum wage in india is
$689 (us)
there are approx. …….. single room factories employing ……… people
16000
250000
dharavi pop.
1.2 million
… of households in mumbai are connected to mumbais sewage system
60%
there is an average of 1 toilet per …… people
1000 - 1450
there is an average of ….. cases of typhoid and diphtheria per day
4000
over …. of people are employed in mumbais informal sector
60%
the ……………….. compound is said to be the biggest recycling compound in mumbai
sana ullah
more than ….. of plastic is segregated and made into ‘chips’ there every day
1 ton
fresh water in dharavi is only available for
2 hours per day
the literacy rate in Mumbai is
89.73%
read environmental challenges and solutions sheet
🫶🫶
…. of mumbais pop. live on …. of the land
55%
6%
….. of mumbais waste is recycled
80%
why do people want to redevelop dharavi
govt:
improve the peoples way of life
make money
make it less ugly
private investors:
close to CBD
next to three railway lines and several roads
what is vision mumbai
a plan to improve the quality of life of those living in dharavi
• building low cost homes and reducing slums
• reducing pollution
• improving transport infrastructure
what has happened in vision mumbai
by 2007➡️ 200,000 people moved and 45,000 homes demolished ➡️ new flats with piped water and sewage systems replaced slums
by 2015 ➡️ 72 new trains introduced on mumbais railways
new 14 storey apartment blocks have split up communities and cost more to rent
bristol pop.
440,500
bristol has
2 cathedrals
2 unis
2 major docks ➡️ avonmouth and portbury
bristols total income is
£21 billion
…. of the uk lives within 250 km
67%
brownfield site
land that has been used, abandoned and now awaits some new use
greenfield site
a plot of land that has not yet been subject to any building development
give an advantage and a disadvantage of brownfield sites
pros:
infrastructure already in place
well connected
can improve the look of an area
cons:
can be expensive
immediate access to area ➡️ may be poor/congested
give an advantage and a disadvantage of greenfield sites
pros:
more space to develop
can bring in any infrastructure
cons
damaging environment
have to build roads
might have to flatten land
urban sprawl definition
the unplanned growth of urban areas into the surrounding countryside
gentrification
the process whereby the character of a poor urban area is changed by wealthier people moving in, improving housing and attracting new businesses, often displacing current inhabitants in the process
give an example of gentrification
stokes croft
murals on building
the community has come together - people’s republic of stokes croft
stokes croft riots - boycotted tesco
…. of all new housing in bristol is on brownfield sites
95%
look at perfect city pie
👍👍
the employment rate in bristol is
77.6%
give 3 examples of social inequality
access to facilities
access to transport
physical or mental disabilities
investment
healthcare
education
social deprivation is
the degree of which an individual or an area is deprived of services, decent housing, adequate income and local employment
look at bradley stoke vs finzels reach
🫶
regeneration is
the attempt to reverse decline by both improving the physical structure and more importantly and elusively the economy of those areas
look at filwood vs stoke bishop
⭐⭐⭐
mumbai total income
$310 billion (us)
(approx £244 billion)
what is the gdp per capita of mumbai
$23,000
what is gdp per capita for Bristol
$30,478
