Urban Futures Flashcards
What is urbanisation?
increase in amount of people living in urban areas.
What are 2 types of cities and what does that mean?
Megacity - urban area with over 10 million residents
World city - cities that hold global influences and are centres for trade and business
What are the 2 causes of urbanisation?
natural increase
rural-urban migration
What are push and pull factors for rural-urban migration?
push:
natural disaster
war and conflict
mechanisation
drought
pull:
more jobs
better education and healthcare
increased quality of life
following family
What are social consequences of rapid urbanisation in LIDCs?
little official housing available
infrastructure struggles to support growing population
increased crime rates
What are environmental consequences of rapid urbanisation in LIDCs?
rubbish may not be collected
sewage and toxic waste pollutes rivers
increased congestion produces more pollution
What are economic consequences of rapid urbanisation in LIDCs?
may not be enough jobs
informal sector increases
What is suburbanisation?
the movement of people from city centres to the outskirts
What are push and pull factors for suburbanisation?
push:
overcrowding
pollution
unemployment
deindustrialisation
Pull:
green spaces and family friendly
new modern housing
improved public transport
rent is cheaper
What is counter-urbanisation?
the movement of people out of city centres
What are environmental consequences of suburbanisation?
new housing damages countryside and habitats
increase of cars adds air pollution
What are economic consequences of suburbanisation?
people leave city centres and they become deserted
unemployment increases which leads to poverty
What are social consequences of suburbanisation?
offices and businesses are abandoned
economic and ethic segregation
What is re-urbanisation?
the movement of people back into urban areas
What are the push and pull factors of Re-urbanisation?
push;
lack of jobs in rural and suburban areas
less leisure and entertainment in rural areas
counter-urbanisation may have increased house prices
pull:
redevelopment with improved housing
young people attracted to universities
people attracted to entertainment facilities
