Urban Areas and Urbanisation Flashcards
what is a millionaire city
an urban area with over a million people living there e.g. Budapest (mainly in developed)
what is a mega city
an urban area with over 10 million people living there e.g. India (mainly developing countries)
what is a world city
a city that has an influence over the whole world
they’re centres for trade and business, hubs for culture and science e.g. London (mainly developed)
what are the four processes that involve the movement of people in and out of urban areas
- urbanisation
- suburbanisation
- counter-urbanisation
- re-urbanisation
what is urbanisation
the growth in the proportion of a country’s population that lives in urban areas
what is suburbanisation
the movement of people from the city centre to the outskirts, or suburbs
what is counter-urbanisation
the movement of people from cities to rural areas
what is re-urbanisation
the movement of people back to the city centre
what are the causes of urbanisation
- rural-urban migration
- increasing population
how does an increasing population cause urbanisation
as people migrate to cities the urban population increases, migrants tend to be young people who have children and so on
why does rural-urban migration take place
push and pull factors
example of push factors
- human activity and changes in climate can causes desertification, ground can’t provide enough food to fill people, people forced to move away
- conflict and civil war can cause people to flee homes
- natural disasters e.g. earthquakes damage homes which people can’t afford to rebuild
- mechanisation of agriculture, fewer people needed to work the land, lack of jobs
example of pull factors
- more jobs available in urban areas
- jobs in urban areas are better paid
- better access to healthcare and education
- other family members already moved, can help migrants find homes and jobs
- perception that quality of life will be better
