Urban

Question 1

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CBD

Answer 1

• High order shops
• Main roads meet
• Townhall, main train stations etc
• Most expensive land, densely packed buildings.
• Churches and narrow roads

Question 2

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OLD INDUSTRIAL ZONES

Answer 2

• Tall factories
• Railway lines, canals nearby
• Large blocks of irregular shaped buildings
• Little greenery
• Tall chimneys

Question 3

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OLD HOUSING ZONE

Answer 3

• 4/5 storey tenement blocks
• Grid iron street pattern
• Densley packed buildings
• Factories, docks nearby.
• Some old houses replaced with new houses

Question 4

CHARACTERISTICS OF NEW HOUSING ZONE (SUBURB)

Answer 4

• 1/2 semi detached houses
• some blocks of flats
• Large gardens and parks nearby
• Away from main roads
• low order services

Question 5

CHARACTERISTICS OF NEW INDUSTRIAL ZONE

Answer 5

• 1/2 storey large blocks of buildings
• Few chimneys
• Landscaped with grass and trees
• Beside main roads
• Cheap land and room to expand

Question 6

CHARACTERISTICS OF RETAIL PARKS/SHOPPING CENTRES/LEISURE CENTRES/MODERN INDUSTRIAL ESTATES

Answer 6

• Edge of the city where land is cheap and space for expansion eg parking
• Large 1/2 storey buildings over large area
• High order shops in shopping centres
• Separate from housing and industry
• Landscaped with grass to be more attractive
• Near main roads/ motor ways - accessible

Question 7

WHAT ARE 7 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE CBD OF GLASGOW

Answer 7

1. Bus/cycle lanes have been introduced so that people are encouraged to use public transport and therefore their journey time is decreased as there is fewer cars on the road. eg Hope street and Renfield street.
2. One way streets such as hope street have been introduced to make the flow of traffic smoother and prevent congestion.
3. Seasonal attractions such as the christmas fare in George Square and the christmas market at st Enochs attract tourists and then shops trades boost.
4. Many old buildings such as in the Merchant city have been turned into appartements to make use of space and to reduce the amount of derelict buildings in the CBD.
5. Designer shops such as Gucci and Armani have been introduced in the Italian centre as they attract wealthier tourists as these shops aren’t ussually found in out of town shopping centres.
6. The number of homeless people has increased which has also caused an increase in crime such as shop lifting and drug use. Therefore CCTV cameras and police patrol has been increased to reduce the crime level. (Homelessness is caused by unemployment and not able to pay rent)
7. New conference facilities such as in the Hilton hotel or the Raddison for business to hire which attracted business to the CBD.

Question 8

7 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF THE INNER CITY

Answer 8

1. Old tenement flats have been renovated with double glaze windows and new roofs so that people can stay in the community and the community spirit lives on.
2. Old factories and warehouses have been converted and turned into modern apartments to improve the image of the area.
3. Old factories and warehouses were also demolished and replaced by new modern buildings to attract in new business such as call centres which then creates new job opportunity for locals.
4. New offices such as the Daily record and the BBC have relocated at the Atlantic Quay eg Sky Park in finnieston.
5. Many new hotels have been built in gap sites such as the Crown Plaza which attracts in tourism and creates employment oppurtunitiee for local people.
6. New roads such as the M8 were made to prove easy commute to work especially those loving in waterfront appartments.
7. The squinty and Squigly bridge provide each access over the clyde and have improved traffic flow.

Question 9

WHY DO PEOPLE WANT TO LIVE IN THE SUBURBS (RURAL URBAN FRINGE)

Answer 9

1. Larger houses with big gardens as the land is cheaper so houses can be larger with garages, attracts families.
2. Crime rates are lower than in the CBD and the inner city.
3. Out of town shopping centres are ussually located nearby for local residents.
4. Leisure activities such as golf courses are located nearby for locals.
5. It is quieter and less polluted compared to the inner city.
6. Street patterns such as cul de sacs are often safer for children as there is less traffic.

Question 10

WHY ARE OFFICES/INDUSTRIAL ESTATES LOCATED ON THE RURAL URBAN FRINGE

Answer 10

1. Land is cheap as it is on the outskirts of the city meaning large one storey factories/offices can be built.
2. There is room for expansion and car parks as there is lots of free land.
3. Main roads have easy access to motorway junctions, easy commute and goods can be sent and delivered easily.
4. Nearby railway stations means that people who live in the area and don’t have a car can easily commute to work easily.
5. Nearby people in housing estates provide a workforce and a market for their goods.
6. Pleasant outlook and attractive environment for people to work in as it is clean, crime free.

Question 11

6 ADVANTAGES OF AN OUT OF TOWN SHOPPING CENTRE

Answer 11

1. They allow people to do all their shopping in one place and it is a comfortable, pleasant environment.
2. There is lots of space to park and the parking is free.
3. People who live in the out of town locations have easy access to the out of town shopping centres.
4. As there is competition between shops, this has resulted in an improved experience for shoppers and lower prices.
5. Traffic congestion has decreased in the city as more people choose to shop in the out of town shopping centres.
6. Variety of activities and places to eat.

Question 12

6 DISADVANTAGES OF OUT OF TOWN SHOPPING CENTRES

Answer 12

1. They ussually take up a lot of valuable land, ussually farm land which is compulsory purchased by farmers.
2. They create demand for services such as bus routes, which means new roads and motorways need to be built which is expensive.
3. Traffic increases as more people want to access the shopping centres which can lead to traffic congestion especially on the run up to christmas.
4. There is an increase in cross town car journeys which can contribute to air and noise pollution.
5. They favour car owners, not the elderly, young or poor and those who done own a car as they are hard to get to.
6. They are a threat to existing shops in the CBD as more people want to visit the shopping centres, shops in the CBD are forced to close down and people lose jobs and it can become known as a ‘polo city’.

Question 13

7 DEVELOPMENTS IN SHANTY TOWNS

Answer 13

1. (Rocinha) Most of the wooden housing is being replaced by brick and tile. This is done by help from local authorities. Communities come together to build the houses and pass on skills.
2. Piped water, electricity and sewage disposal has been introduced to prevent the spread of disease through dirty water or sewage.
3. Street lights have been added so the streets are safer and crime is reduced.
4. Charities and AID workers help to improve the quality of life by giving money towards self help schemes and teach skills to locals.
5. New expressways such as the yellow line expressway was opened in 1997. Around 70000 cars use this every day and has removed around 40% of traffic in its vicinity.
6. Train lines and Rios metro system which were opened in 1997 are being expended to further prevent congestion
7. Cable cars have been introduced in Rocinha to allow easy commute to centre of the city for work and entertainment. It is also very cheap and affordable.