Population

Question 1

PHYSICAL FACTORS OF POPULATION DENSITY

Answer 1

1. Relief - People live on low lying areas as they are easier to build on. High mountain area are more difficult to use machinery on and are colder and wetter so crops are difficult to grow.
2. Climate - People prefer to live in areas with a climate where it rains enough for water to be provided. Few people live in areas with an extreme climate such as high temperatures and little rainfall as it is hard to farm and grow crops.
3. Soil - People prefer to live in areas with fertile soil as crops can be grown to supply food. Areas such as hot deserts, dry out the soil meaning crops can’t be grown and animals can’t be kept.
4. Natural resources - People prefer to live in areas with minerals and raw materials to extract and sell. If there is little natural resources, industry isn’t attracted and there is fewer job opportunity.

Question 2

HUMAN FACTORS OF POPULATION DENSITY

Answer 2

1. Job opportunities - Jobs in different industry’s in urban areas encourage people to move there for work.
2. Transport and communications - Places that are more accessible such as the central low lands of Scotland tend to have higher population densities.
3. Services - Towns and cities are crowded such as london as they provide many services such as education, entertainment and healthcare.

Question 3

7 REASONS FOR LOW BIRTH RATES IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES - SWEDEN

Answer 3

1. Access to contraception and abortion.
2. Infant mortality rates are low so there is less pressure on families to have los of children.
3. More women aspire to have a career and job.
4. People don’t need kids to look after them in old ages and pensions and care homes are available.
5. We live in a materialistic society where people care about houses, cars, holidays.
6. Children are expensive as they need fed, clothes etc.
7. Women marry later - Avergae age to start a family is 33.

Question 4

7 REASONS FOR LOW DEATH RATES IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES - SWEDEN

Answer 4

1. NHS is provided, good healthcare and antibiotics.
2. Clean water and sanitation facilities are provided.
3. People are aware on how to stay healthy.
4. Food production is improved which prevents starvation and malnutrition in developed countries - immunity to diseases.
5. No smoking policy introduced in 2006.
6. Organ transplants, screenings, chemotherapy reduce the death rate in developed countries.
7. Exercise is advised and gyms, swimming pools etc are accessabile.

Question 5

7 EFFECTS OF A SLOW POPULATION GROWTH RATE IN DEVLOPED COUNTRIES

Answer 5

1. Less money goes towards education as there is few kids which means more money can go towards other services.
2. Teachers, midwives and hospital workers can lose their jobs as there is fewer children.
3. Fewer children results in shortage of workforce in further generations.
4. More money needs to go towards pensions and elderly care as people live longer. Thus the retirement age will increase. The retirement age in the UK increased from 60 to 67.
5. With an increasing number of elderly, more money needs to be spend on their health and community care.
6. With an increasing number of elderly, more demand for adult children need to care for their elderly parents.
7. There will be fewer recruits for army, navy and police to protect the country as there is less kids for further generations.

Question 6

7 SOLUTIONS FOR A SLOWLY GROWING POPULATION

Answer 6

1. 2 weeks of paid paternity leave in the UK is now given to fathers to encourage them to have more kids
2. Families are offered discounted travel and holiday vouchers to encourage them to have more children.
3. Mothers now recieve around 200 euros a month up until their kid is of the age of 3.
4. Women are granted one year of maternity leave in the UK and when they return are allowed to stagger their work times from start to finish to allow them to be able to take their kids to school.
5. The retirement age has increased to increase the number of tax payers and and reduce the amount of retired people in the UK.
6. Women are encouraged to return to work to improve the work force and the number of tax payers. Women now receive equal pay and working conditions.
7. Private pension schemes are now compulsory in order to reduce the cost of public pensions

Question 7

7 RAPID GROWING POPULATION REASONS FOR DEVLOPING

Answer 7

1. Lack of access to contraception and family planning.
2. Infant mortality rates are high.
3. Families have large families to ensure some kids live into adult hood as infant mortality rates are high.
   Kids are needed to work on farms as most of the work is manual.
4. They are needs to care for parents in old age as there isn’t as many pensions and care homes.
5. As education isn’t as widely given to women, most women stay at home and marry young instead of having a career meaning they have lots of years to have babies.
6. In many countries it is traditional for a boy to carry the family name so people keep having babies until they have a boy.
7. Having a big family in villages gives you a status.

Question 8

6 REASONS FOR HIGH DEATH RATES IN DEVELOPING - INDIA

Answer 8

1. Many areas don’t have a lot of doctors, hospitals and medication especially in rural areas.
2. Many people don’t have access to clean water which can then lead to water borne diseases such as malaria which are big killers.
3. There is a lack of post and anti natal care meaning lots of women die in child birth.
4. There is a lack of a welfare system for those who are sick or unemployed.
5. With poor farming techniques and drought conditions farmers struggle to produce good crops which can result in starvation and malnutrition.
6. Poor housing in areas where there is poor sanitation where there is open sewers and disease can spread easily.

Question 9

7 EFFECTS OF A RAPIDLY GROWING POPULATION IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY

Answer 9

1. As farms are divided and made smaller as someone as more sons so every son has a farm to produce food, food production lessens leading to malnutrition and starvation.
2. As the land has to be worked harder to produce enough food, the soil can become exhausted and poorer.
3. Many young people move into the cities to search for employment which increases rural urban migration.
4. As unemployment rates increase as there isn’t enough jobs, crime rates also increase.
5. With the amount of children, strain can be put on their education system and therefore literacy rates are low.
6. Hospitals can become overcrowded and not everyone gets access to them.
7. Traffic congestion worsens with the amount of people.

Question 10

7 MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF A RAPIDLY GROWING POPULATION

Answer 10

1. Set up family planning clinics to give advice about their family and provide contraception.
2. More opportunities for abortion and sterilisation are provided.
3. Increase the marry age for girls.
4. Introduce 1/2 child policies eg China in 1979.
5. Incentives given to limit family size such as education, free health care, job opportunities.
6. Greater emphasis on education for women to teach them about family planning and career aspirations to prevent higher birth rates.
7. Improve farming methods so more food can be produced and reduce starvation.