Upper Respiratory Tract Infections - Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis

Question 1

What does chronic bronchitis look like?

Answer 1

-Inflammation
-Increased number of mucous glands
-Excess mucus
-Smooth muscle hypertrophy

Question 2

How do you diagnose chronic bronchitis?

Answer 2

Chronic cough with productive sputum on most days for 3 or more consecutive months for 2 consecutive years

Question 3

What are the signs of an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis?

Answer 3

-Increased sputum purulence
-Increased sputum volume
-Increased cough or shortness of breath

Question 4

Most common organisms in chronic bronchitis

Answer 4

-Strep pneumoniae
-Haemophilus influenzae
-Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 5

Most common organisms in patients with chronic bronchitis who frequently use antibiotics

Answer 5

-Enterobacterales
-Pseudomonas

Question 6

Preferred treatment options for an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

Answer 6

-Augmentin 875/125 mg PO Q12H
-Cefuroxime 500 mg PO Q12H
-Cefpodoxime 200 mg PO Q12H

Question 7

Alternative treatment options for an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

Answer 7

-Doxycycline 100 mg PO Q12H
-Bactrim 1 DS PO Q12H
-Azithromycin 500 mg PO day 1, then 250 mg daily on days 2-5

Question 8

What would you use to treat someone with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis who is at risk for pseudomonas?

Answer 8

Levofloxacin 750 mg PO daily