Upper Muscles Flashcards
Pronator teres origin
Humeral head: Medial epicondyle of the humerus (above CFO)
Ulnar head: coronoid process of the ulna (med surface)
Pronator teres insertion
Midlateral surface of shaft radius
Pronator teres nerve
Median nerve
Pronator teres action
Pronates forearm and assists elbow flexion
Pronator teres action
Pronates forearm and assists elbow flexion
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus via the common flexor tendon
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) insertion
Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal (palmar surface)
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) nerve
Median nerve
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) action
Flexes and radially deviates (abducts) the wrist
Palmaris longus (PL) origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus via the common flexor tendon
Palmaris longus (PL) insertion
Palmar carpal ligament and palmar aponeurosis (flexor retinaculum)
Palmaris longus (PL) nerve
Median nerve
Palmaris longus (PL) action
Flexes wrist and tightens palmar aponeurosis
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) origin
Humeral head: medial epicondyle via the common flexor tendon
Ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna (superior 2/3)
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) insertion
Pisiform, hook of hamate and base of 5th metacarpal
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) nerve
Ulnar nerve
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) action
Flexes and ulnarly deviates (adducts) the wrist
Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) origin
Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of all ulna (medial side)
Radial head: oblique line of radius (anterior surface)
Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) insertion
Shaft of middle phalanges of the medial four digits (digits 2-5)
Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) nerve
Median nerve
Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) action
Flexes MCP and PIP joints of medial 4 digits, and assists wrist flexion
Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) origin
Proximal 2/3 of anterior surface of all the and interosseous membrane
Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) insertion
Bases of distal phalanges of the medial four digits (digits 2 to 5)
Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) nerve
Median and ulnar nerves (median nerve for lateral part of muscle, ulnar nerve for medial part of muscle)
Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) action
Primary flexes DIP and assist flexions of PIP, MCP joints of the medial four digits and assist wrist flexion
Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) origin
Anterior surface of radius (middle 1/2), interosseus membrane
Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) insertion
Base of distal phalanx of first digit (thumb)
Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) nerve
Median nerve. Anterior interosseus branch
Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) action
Flexes IP and MCP joints of the first digit (thumb)
Pronator quadratus (PQ) origin
Distal 1/4 of the anterior surface of ulna
Pronator quadratus (PQ) insertion
Distal 1/4 of the anterior surface of radius (slightly distal to origin)
Pronator quadratus (PQ) nerve
Median nerve. Anterior interosseus branch
Pronator quadratus (PQ) action
Pronates forearm
Brachioradialis origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus (and lateral intermuscular septum)
Brachioradialis insertion
Base of styloid process of the radius
Brachioradialis nerve
Radial nerve
Brachioradialis action
Flexes forearm at elbow joint and rotates forearm to the midprone position
Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) origin
Distal 1/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) insertion
Base of 2nd metacarpal (dorsal surface)
Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) nerve
Radial nerve
Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) action
Extends and radially deviates (abducts) the wrist
Extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon
Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) insertion
Base of 2nd metacarpal (dorsal surface)
Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) nerve
Radial nerve
Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) action
Extends and radially deviates (abducts) the wrist
Extensor digitorum (ED) origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon
Extensor digitorum (ED) insertion
Middle and distal phalanges of the medial four digits
Extensor digitorum (ED) nerve
Deep radial nerve
Extensor digitorum (ED) action
Extends medial four digits at MCP and IP joints and assists wrist extension
Extensor digitorum (ED) action
Extends medial four digits at MCP and IP joints and assists wrist extension
Extensor digit minimi (EDM) origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon
Extensor digit minimi (EDM) insertion
Tendon of extensor digitorum on fifth digit (extensor expansion or hood)
Extensor digit minimi (EDM) nerve
Deep radial nerve
Extensor digit minimi (EDM) action
Extends 5th digit at MCP and IP joints
Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon and posterior border of ulna
Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) insertion
Base of 5th metacarpal (ulnar surface)
Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) nerve
Deep radial nerve
Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) action
Extends and ulnarly deviates (adducts) the wrist
Abductor pollicis brevis origin
Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid and tubercle of the trapezium
Abductor pollicis brevis insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of first digit (lateral/radial aspect)
Abductor pollicis brevis nerve
Median nerve
Abductor pollicis brevis action
Abducts first digit at CMC joint
Opponens pollicis origin
Flexor retinaculum and trapezium
Opponens pollicis insertion
Lateral shaft of first metacarpal (radial side)
Opponens pollicis nerve
Median nerve
Opponens pollicis action
Opposition of the first digit at the CMC joint
Flexor pollicis brevis origin
Flexor retinaculum and trapezium
Flexor pollicis brevis insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of first digit (lateral/radial aspect)
Flexor pollicis brevis nerve
Median nerve
Flexor pollicis brevis nerve
Median nerve
Flexor pollicis brevis action
Flexes first digit at MCP and CMC joints
Adductor pollicis origin
Oblique head: Capitate and bases of metacarpals 2 and 3
Transverse head: 3rd metacarpal -anterior surface
Adductor pollicis insertion
Medial side of the proximal phalanx of the first digit
Adductor pollicis nerve
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Adductor pollicis action
Adducts first digit and assists with flexion at MCP and CMC joint
Palmaris brevis origin
Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
Palmaris brevis insertion
Skin on ulnar border of palm of hand
Palmaris brevis nerve
Superficial branch of ulnar nerve
Palmaris brevis action
Draws skin toward middle of palm
Abductor digiti minimi origin
Pisiform
Abductor digiti minimi insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Abductor digiti minimi nerve
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Abductor digiti minimi action
Abducts 5th digit at MCP joint
Flexor digiti minimi brevis origin
Flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate
Flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Flexor digiti minimi brevis nerve
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Flexor digiti minimi brevis action
Flexes 5th digit at the MCP joint
Opponens digiti minimi origin
Flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate
Opponens digiti minimi insertion
Medial boarder of shaft of 5th metacarpal
Opponens digiti minimi nerve
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Opponens digiti minimi action
Opposition of 5th digit of CMC joint
Lumbricales origin
Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
(Off lateral aspect of 2nd-5th tendons and off medial aspect of 3rd and 4th tendons also)
Lumbricales insertion
Extensor expansions (hoods) of digits 2-5
Lumbricales nerve
Median nerve for 1 and 2 mm and ulnar for 3 and 4 mm
Lumbricales action
Flexes at MCP joints and extends at IP joints
Lumbricales action
Flexes at MCP joints and extends at IP joints
Dorsal interosseii origin
Adjacent sides of the shaft of the metacarpals (2 heads)
Dorsal interosseii insertion
Extensor expansions and bases of proximal phalanges of digits 2, 3, 4
Dorsal interosseii nerve
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Dorsal interosseii action
Abduct digits, flexes at MCP joints and extends at IP joints
Palmar interosseii origin
Palmar medial surface of 2nd metacarpal and palmar lateral surface of 4th and 5th metacarpal (1 head)
Palmar interosseii insertion
Extensor expansions and bases of proximal phalanges of digits 2, 4, and 5
Palmar interosseii nerve
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Palmar interosseii action
Adduct digit and flexes MCP joints and extends at IP joints
Supinator origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, and the supinator crest of the ulna
Supinator insertion
Superior 1/3 of the lateral and anterior surface of the radius
Supinator nerve
Deep radial nerve
Supinator action
Supinates forearm and may assist in elbow flexion
Abductor pollicis longus origin
Posterior surface of middle of radius and ulna and interosseous membrane
Abductor pollicis longus insertion
Base of 1st metacarpal (lateral/radial side)
Abductor pollicis longus nerve
Deep radial nerve
Abductor pollicis longus action
Abduct and extends first digit at carpometacarpal joint and abduct wrist
Extensor pollicis longus origin
Middle 1/3 of the posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane
Extensor pollicis longus insertion
Base of distal phalanx of the first digit
Extensor pollicis longus nerve
Deep radial nerve
Extensor pollicis longus action
Extend IP joint of first digit and assist extension at the MCP joint
Extensor pollicis brevis origin
Posterior surface of the middle of the radius and interosseous membrane
Extensor pollicis brevis insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of first digit
Extensor pollicis brevis nerve
Deep radial nerve
Extensor pollicis brevis action
Extends MCP joint of the first digit
Extensor indicis origin
Distal posterior surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane
Extensor indicis insertion
Tendon of extensor digitorum on the second digit (extensor, expansion or hood)
Extensor indicis nerve
Deep radial nerve
Extensor indicis nerve
Deep radial nerve
Extensor indicis action
Extends second digit at the MCP and IP joints