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Anatomy Final Exam > Upper Limbs 1 > Flashcards

Upper Limbs 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the shoulder gridle?

A

Scapula and Clavicle.

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2
Q

Where in Scapula does Clavicle gets attached to?

A

Acromion Process

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3
Q

Bones that make up the Upper Extremity?

A

Humerus (shoulder to elbow), Radius and Ulna (Elbow to wrist), Carpals (Wrist Bone), Metacarpals (Knuckles), and Phalanges (fingers)

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4
Q

Where does the Humerus articulate to form the ball and socket joint of the shoulder

A

Glenoid Cavity

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5
Q

Acromion Process

A

Attachment point for Clavicle

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6
Q

Coracoid process

A

In the Scapula. C-shaped hook for Pec Minor to attach.

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7
Q

What part of Humerus connects to the glenoid cavity of Scapula?

A

Head

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8
Q

What separates Greater Tubercle from Lesser Tubercle of the Humerus?

A

Intertubercular Groove- Tendon for Biceps

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9
Q

Difference b/w Anatomical and Surgical Neck

A

Anatomical Neck is directly distal to the Head. Surgical Neck is “Actual” neck and more fractures can be here since it is much thinner

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10
Q

Deltoid Tuberosity

A

bump on the lateral side where the deltoid muscle inserts on the humerus and pulls on it.

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11
Q

Radius of the Humerus is found in which type of Condyles?

A

Capitulum (Lateral)

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12
Q

Ulna of the Humerus is found in which type of Condyles?

A

Trochlea (medial)

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13
Q

which fossa does Ulna bind to on the Anterior side?

A

Coranoid Fossa (smaller fossa where the Ulna fits in so we don’t overflex the elbow)

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14
Q

Olecranon Fossa

A

Big dip on the Posterior side, where the Ulna attaches to the trochlea.

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15
Q

Which shoulder joint has the most mobility?

A

Glenohumeral Joint

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16
Q

Where is Glenohumeral Joint found

A

Ball and socket joint between head of humerus and glenoid cavity.

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17
Q

Cartilage within glenoid cavity that allows for head of Humerus to be attached

A

Glenoid Labrum

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18
Q

Acromioclavicular

A

type of Joint between the Acromion of Scapula and the lateral end of the Clavicle

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19
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint

A

Between the Manubrium of Sternum and the medial end of the clavicle

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20
Q

Forearm that’s on the same side as thumb

A

Radius (lateral Forearm bone)

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21
Q

Forearm that’s on the same side as pinky

A

Ulna (Medial forearm bone)

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22
Q

What makes up the Proximal end of the Ulna? Name three

A

Trochlear notch, Olecranon Process (olecranon fossa), and Coronoid Process (Coronoid fossa)

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23
Q

Head of the Radius articulates with?

A

Capitulum of the Humerus but don’t physically join together.

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24
Q

Distal ends of the Biceps joins where?

A

Radial Tuberosity

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25
Q

How is Radius and Humerus differs from Ulna?

A

Radius and Humerus can do a Hinge motion of flexion, but radius can also able to Pivot. Ulna is locked in place so can only hinge but not pivot.

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26
Q

Ulna vs Radius size difference from proximal to Distal

A

Proximal end, radius is smaller but the Ulna is bigger. But on the distal end, radius is bigger but the ulna is smaller.

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27
Q

Styloid Process

A

Both Radius and Ulna has it. Looks like Pen stylus which is where the wrist joint will form between the carpals and the distal radius and ulna.

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28
Q

What compartment divides the foramen into Anterior and Posterior muscle?

A

Interosseous membrane

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29
Q

What allows for forearm pronation and supination?

A

Radius which can freely rotate along the capitulum (pivot point)

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30
Q

In anatomical position, different between Supination and Pronation of Radius and Ulna?

A

Supination- Radius and Ulna not crossed

Pronation- Radius and Ulna crossed

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31
Q

What type of Joint allows for Supination and Pronation Pivoting?

A

Proximal radio-ulnar Joint

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32
Q

Anular Ligament

A

Important Ligament to hold the radius in place. It wraps around the radial head so that it doesn’t move and helps to hold it in place so that it can pivot without moving out of its socket

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33
Q

What type of joint is Elbow joint

A

Synovial hinge joint so it can do flexion and extension between the humerus and radius, and humerus and ulna articulating together.

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34
Q

Bones that make up the Carpals? In order

A

Some Lover tries position that they can’t handle.

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, and Hamate.

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35
Q

How is thumb bone different than rest of the fingers?

A

All beside Thumb has three types of Phalanges: Proximal, Medial, and Distal. Thumb bone has only proximal and distal.

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36
Q

Carpal tunnel

A

formed by Flexor retinaculum covering the Carpal Arch.

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37
Q

Which bone forms the attachment for the carpals and metacarpals of the thumb?

A

Trapezium

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38
Q

what type of joint is the carpals-metacarpals joint for the thumb?

A

Saddle Joint which let us do the opposition with the thumb

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39
Q

Wrist Joint attachment point

A

Radius and Ulna with Scaphoid, Lunate, and Triquetrum. No Pisiform.

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40
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joint (MCP)

A

Joint between the Metacarpals and the Proximal Phalangeal.

41
Q

Difference of Intraphalangeal joints (compare Thumb to other fingers)

A

Thumb only has joints between Proximal and Distal, others have proximal-medial, medial-distal joints.

42
Q

Action and Innervation of Trapezius

A

Elevate, retract, depress Scapulae.

Innervated by Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

43
Q

Action and Innervation of Latissimus Dorsi

A

Extend, Adduct, and medially rotate humerus.

Innervated by Thoracodors al n.

44
Q

Action and Innervation of Levator Scapulae

A

Elevate Scapulae. Innerv: Dorsal Scapular n.

45
Q

Action and Innervation of Rhomboid major/minor

A

Retract and elevate Scapular

Inner: Dorsal Scapular n,

46
Q

Action and Innervation of Serratus Anterior

A

Protraction and rotation of scapula. Innervated by Long Thoracic nerve,

47
Q

If Dorsal Scapular nerve gets cut off, then we cant do

A

Elevate and Retract Scapula.

48
Q

Origin and Insertion of Deltoid Muscle

A

O: Spine of the Scapula and Clavicle
I: Deltoid Tuberosity of the Humerus

49
Q

Innervation for Deltoid Muscle

A

Axillary Nerve

50
Q

What are the Actions of the deltoid muscle

A

Arm Abduction (after 15 degree supraspinatus motion)

51
Q

Origin and Insertion of the Supraspinous Muscle

A

O: Supraspinous Fossa of Scapula
I: Superior part of greater tubercle of Humerus

52
Q

Actions of Supraspinous Muscle

A

Initiated Abduction (first 15 deg then taken over by Deltoid Muscle)

53
Q

If Suprascapular Nerve gets damaged, then we will unable to do what type of Actions

A

Initiating Abduction and Rotating Humerus laterally.

54
Q

Origin and Insertion of Infraspinous Muscle

A

O- Infraspinous fossa of Scapula

I- greater tubercle of humerus posterior to insertion of supraspinous

55
Q

Actions of Infraspinous Muscle

A

Rotates humerus laterally

56
Q

Origin and Insertion of Teres Minor

A

**MInor is superior to Major
O: Similar to Infraspinous (Infraspinous Fossa)
I: Greater tubercle of Humerus

57
Q

Action of Teres Minor

A

Lateral rotation of the arm

58
Q

Innervation of Teres Minor

A

Axillary Nerve

59
Q

Origin and Insertion of Teres Major

A

O: Near the Infraspinous Fossa
I: Front of the Humerus

60
Q

Action of Teres Major

A

Extends, medially rotates, and adducts Humerus

61
Q

Innervation of Teres Major

A

Lower subscapular nerve

62
Q

Origin and Insertion of the Subscapularis Muscle

A

O: Subscapular fossa of Scapula
I: Front of the Humerus (lesser tubercle of humerus)

63
Q

Action of the Subscapularis

A

Medial Rotator of Humerus

64
Q

Innervation of Subscapularis

A

Subscapular Nerve (Upper and Lower)

65
Q

What muscle/s are found in the Anterior side of the Scapula?

A

Teres Major, Latissimus Dorsi, and Pec Major. (La-di between two majors :P)
Also Subscapularis muscle

66
Q

Name all the Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

SITS
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis

(Except for Subpraspinatoru, everything else helps in rotation as well)

67
Q

Why is Axilla region Important?

Name 6

A

Important areas that passes structures from the neck to the Upper extremity.

  1. Subclavian Artery- Axillary Artery
  2. Axillary Vein–Subclavian vein
  3. Brachial Plexus- Innervates all upper limb except for Trapezius
  4. Axillary Nodes- Breast and Upper Limbs drains into Axillary node
  5. Axillary tail of Breast
  6. Upper portions of some arm muscles will also cross Axilla region.
68
Q

Components of the Inlet of Axilla

A

Anterior- Clavicle
Posterior- Scapula
Medially- Rib 1

69
Q

Anterior wall of the Axilla Boundaries

A

Pec Major and Clavipectoral fascia (subclavius and pec minor)

70
Q

Medial wall of the Axilla Boundaries

A

Serratus Anterior and Thoracic Wall

71
Q

Lateral Wall of the Axilla

A

Humerus

72
Q

Posterior Wall of the Axilla boundaries

A

Muscles over the scapula and triceps muscle

73
Q

Floor of the Axilla

A

Dome of skin and Fascia. No major muscles there.

74
Q

Axillary artery is divided into how many parts?

A

3 parts based on Pec Minor Muscle.

75
Q

What does the 1st part of the Axillary Artery supplies?

A

1st: Proximal to Pec. Minor. Supplies the Superior Thoracic Region

76
Q

What does the second part of the Axillary artery supplies?

A

2nd: Posterior to Pec minor. Supplies Thoraco-acromial

and Lateral Thoracic

77
Q

What does the third part of the Axillary artery supplies?

A

3rd: Distal to Pec Minor…supplies Subscapular,

Anterior and Posterior Circumflex humeral.

78
Q

What does Axillary Artery becomes after crossing Latissimum Dorsi and Teres Major?

A

Brachial Artery in the arm.

79
Q

Which artery is used to measure the blood pressure?

A

Brachial Artery

80
Q

As brachial artery crosses the elbow, it changes into

A

Radial and Ulnar Arteries

81
Q

What supplies the posterior compartment of the arm

A

Profunda Artery which gets branched from Brachial Arteries

82
Q

What runs alongside the profunda brachii?

A

Radial Nerve

83
Q

If region around deltopecpectoral groove is damaged, then what will be the most probable effect cause of that

A

Cephalic Vein will be damaged which drains posterior lateral side of UE and passes in the deltopectoral groove between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscle before it enters the axillary vein.

84
Q

Superficial Brachial Vein drainage medially and laterally

A

Cephalic (laterally) and Basilic (medially)

85
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Dorsal Scapular

A

BP- Roots

Innervation- Rhomboids

86
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Long Thoracic

A

BP- Roots

Innervation- Serratus Anterior

87
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Suprascapular

A

BP- Trunks

INNV- Infraspinous, Supraspinous

88
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Lateral Pectoral

A

BP- Lateral Cord

INNV- Pectoral Major

89
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Musculocutaneous

A

BP- Lateral Cord

INNV- Anterior Arm Compartment

90
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Median

A

BP- Lateral and Medial Cord
INNV- Forearm: most of anterior compartment
Hand- a few muscle

91
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Medial Pectoral

A

BP- Medial Cord

INNV- Pectoralis Major and minor

92
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Ulnar

A

BP- Medial Cord
INNV- Forearm: a few muscles of anterior forearm
Hand: most of hand muscles

93
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Thoracodorsal

A

BP- Posterior Cord

INNV- Latissimus Dorsi

94
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Axillary

A

BP- Posterior Cord

INNV- Deltoid, Teres Minor

95
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Radial

A

BP- Posterior Cord

INNV- Posterior Compartment of arm and forearm

96
Q

Branch Point and Innervation of Subscapular

A

BP- Posterior Cord

INNV- Subscapularis, Teres Major (Lower Subscapular)

97
Q

Axillary Artery runs between which two compartments

A

The axillary artery runs between the anterior and posterior divisions of the brachial plexus.

98
Q

What is located directly behind the Axillary Artery?

A

Radial Nerve which branches off of Posterior Cord.

Anatomy Final Exam (6 decks)

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