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Anatomy Final Exam > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Hyoid Bone

A

HIGHLY MOVABLE. Only Bone in the body that does not articulate with any other bone. Serves as an anchor for muscles in the neck

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2
Q

During swelling of the food, which is the main bone that’s acting on it

A

Hyoid Bone

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3
Q

Position of Larynx in comparison to Pharynx

A

Larynx sits anterior to the pharynx. More specifically Larynx sits anterior to the laryngopharynx.

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4
Q

Cartilages that make up the Larynx

A

3 Large Unpaired cartilages- Thyroid (Laryngeal Prominence), Cricoid, and Epiglottis.

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5
Q

What is responsible for blocking the larynx while we eat so that food doesn’t get into the airway/trachea?

A

Epiglottis Cartilage

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6
Q

Thyrohyroid Ligament

A

connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone

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7
Q

Cricothyroid Ligament

A

Connects the cricoid cartilage to the thyroid cartilage above it

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8
Q

Which is responsible for voice production or control of our voice cords?

A

Arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform (small paired cartilages in Larynx)

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9
Q

What supplies the Superior part of the Larynx? and where does it branches from

A

Superior Laryngeal artery (Branches from External Carotid which branches from Common carotid around the Thyrohyoid Cartilage)

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10
Q

What supplies the Lower part of the Larynx and where does it branches off of?

A

Inferior Laryngeal artery which branches off of Thyrocervical trunk of subclavian

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11
Q

Upper part of Larynx Venous Drainage

A

Superior Laryngeal Vein which drains into Internal Jugular Vein

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12
Q

Lower Part of Larynx Venous Drainage

A

Inferior Laryngeal Vein which drains into Left Brachiocephalic Vein

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13
Q

Lymphatic Drainage of Larync

A

Deep Cervical Nodes

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14
Q

Innervation for Larynx

A

Cranial Nerve (Vagus)

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15
Q

3 divisions of the Pharynx

A
  1. Nasopharynx- Posterior to the nasal cavity
  2. Oropharynx- directly posterior to oral cavity
  3. Laryngopharynx- directly posterior to Larynx
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16
Q

Walls of Pharynx are formed by

A

Constrictor muscles (Superior, middle, and Inferior) and Longitudinal Muscles.

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17
Q

Which muscle/s is essential for swallowing

A

Constrictor Muscles and Longitudinal Muscles

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18
Q

All the constrictor muscles have common origin as

A

Pharyngeal raphe

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19
Q

Main Blood supply of Pharynx and its branches

A

External Carotid Artery gives main branch to Ascending Pharyngeal Artery which further gives branches to Facial, Lingual, and Maxillary Artery

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20
Q

What supplies the Laryngopharynx

A

Facial Artery which branches off of Ascending Pharyngeal Artery which branches from External Carotid Artery originally

21
Q

Venous drainage for Pahrynx

A

Plexus drains into Internal Jugular Veins

22
Q

Lymphatic drainage for lower Pharynx

A

Retropharyngeal node and Pre-Tracheal node

23
Q

Anterior Pharynx Drainage

A

Ingrahyoid

24
Q

Innervation for Pharynx

A

Cranial Nerve

25
Q

Action and Innervation of Platysma

A

Action: tense up the neck
INNV: Cranial Nerve

26
Q

Attachment points for Sternocleidomastoid

A

Mastoid Process (I)- Sternum and Clavicle (O)

27
Q

Action and Innervation of Sternocleidomastoid

A

A: Unilateral- Lateral flexion to same side, rotation to opposite side
Bilateral- Cervical Flexion
INNV: Cranial Nerve (Accessory)

28
Q

which is major muscle that helps in forced inspiration?

A

Sternocleidomastoid & Scalenes

29
Q

Which muscle is found directly deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Scalenes

30
Q

Action and Innervation of Scalenes Muscles

A

(3 Scales Muscles (A,M,P) work together to assist in neck flexion, and raise first 2 ribs

31
Q

What travels between Anterior and Middle Scalenes

A

Brachial Plexus and Subclavian Artery

32
Q

What travels Anterior to Anterior Scalene

A

Subclavian Vein and Phrenic Nerve

33
Q

What is anterior to Levator scapulae?

A

Scalenes

34
Q

Muscles of the InfraHyoid

A

(TOSS) Thyrohyoid, Omohyoid, Sterohyoid, and Sternothyroid

35
Q

Muscles of the SupraHyoid

A

Stylohyoid, Digastric, Mylohoid, and Geniohyoid

36
Q

Action of Stylohyoid

A

Pulls Hyoid up during swallowing

37
Q

Action of Anterior Digastric Belly Muscles

A

Lower mandible, raises hyoid

38
Q

Action of Posterior Digastric Belly

A

Pulls hyoid up and back

39
Q

Action of Myohyoid

A

Forms the floor of the mouth; elevates hyoid

40
Q

Action of Geniohyoid

A

Elevates hyoid (Fixed mandible); pulls mandible down (Fixed Hyoid)

41
Q

Innervation for Suprahyoid Muscles

A

Cranial Nerve except for geniohyoid which is Ventral Ramus of C1

42
Q

What is fixed when swelling and what moves when swelling?

A

Mandible is fixed when swallowing and Hyoid moves when swallowing

43
Q

What is fixed when chewing and what moves when chewing?

A

Hyoid is fixed when chewing and Mandible is moving/lowered when chewing

44
Q

Infrahyoids are also known as

A

strap muscles

45
Q

Action of Sternohyoid

A

Depress Hyoid after swallowing

46
Q

Action of Omohyoid

A

Depress and fixes hyoid

47
Q

Action of Thyrohyoid

A

Depresses hyoid bones, raises larynx when hyoid is fixed

48
Q

Action of Sterothyroid

A

Draws Larynx downward

Anatomy Final Exam (6 decks)

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