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Clinical Anatomy Block 2 > Upper Limb Muscular Action > Flashcards

Upper Limb Muscular Action Flashcards

1
Q

What is the action of the Rotator cuff muscles?

A
  1. Stabilization of scapula during shoulder joint movement
  2. Hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity
  3. Prevent excessive translation of humeral head
  4. Rotator Cuff muscles
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres minor
  • Subscapularis
  1. Clinical
    * Inestability of glenohumeral joint
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2
Q

What is the muscular action of Pectoralis minor and Serratus anterior?

A
  1. To hold scapula against thoracic wall
  2. Serratus anterior
  • Prime mover
    • Ex: pushing a car
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3
Q

What is the muscular action of Trapezius?

A
  1. Elevates scapula (shrug shoulders)
  2. Retract scapula (brace back the shoulders)
  3. Depress scapula
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4
Q

What is the muscular action of Levator scapulae?

A

Elevates scapula (Shrugging shoulders)

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5
Q

What is the muscular function of the Rhomboids?

A
  1. Retract Scapula (brace back the shoulders)
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6
Q

What muscles are involved in the Abduction of the arm?

A
  1. Deltoid
  • Main abductor
  • Full effective past 15° abduction
  1. Supraspinatus
  • Initates the first 15° from full adduction (assists deltoid)
  • Clinical:
    • Commonly affected in degenerative tendonitits
    • Pain during the first 45° of passive abduction

*Abduction to a right angle with scapula to raise arm above the head causes upward rotation of scapula

  • Affects Trapezius and Serratus Anterior
  • Gravity allows for downward rotation of scapula
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7
Q

What muscles are involved in the Adduction of the Arm?

A
  1. Pectoralis major
  2. Latissimus dorsi
  3. Supcapularis
  4. Teres major
  5. Coracobrachialis

*All except Coracobrachialis Medially rotates the arm

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8
Q

What muscles are involved in Lateral roation of the arm?

A
  1. Infraspinatus
  2. Teres minor
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9
Q

What are the muscular actions of Pectoralis Major?

A
  1. Adduction of arm
  2. Medial rotation of arm
  3. Forced inspiration
  4. Climbing muscles (raise trunk toward arms)
  5. Flex the Arm
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10
Q

What is the muscular action of the Lastissimus dorsi?

A
  1. Adduction of arm
  2. Medial rotation of arm
  3. Climbing muscles (raise trunk toward arms)
  4. Extend arm
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11
Q

What muscles Flex the arm?

A
  1. Pectoralis major
  2. Coracobrachialis
  3. Deltoid
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12
Q

What muscles Extend the Arm?

A
  1. Deltoid
  2. Latissimus dorsi
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13
Q

What muscles are used for the Flexion of the Forearm?

A
  1. Brachialis
    * Main flexor
  2. Biceps brachii
  • Supinated forearm
  • Popeye deformity
  1. Brachioradialis
    * Superficial muscle of posterior compartment
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14
Q

What muscles are used in the Extension of the forearm?

A
  1. Triceps brachii
  2. Anconeus
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15
Q

What muscles are used for Supination of the forearm?

A
  1. Supinator (prime mover)
  2. Biceps Brachii
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16
Q

What muscles are used for Pronation of the forearm?

A
  1. Pronator quadratus (prime mover)
  2. Pronator teres
17
Q

What muscles are used for Flexion of the hand (at wrist)?

A
  1. Flexor carpi radialis
    * Tendon is medial to radial artery
  2. Palmaris longus
  • Tenses palmar aponeurosis
  • Tendon is medial to median nerve
  1. Flexor carpi ulnaris
  2. Flexor digitorum superificials
    * Flexes middle phalanx (2nd and 5th digits)
  3. Flexor digitorum profundus
    * Flexes distal phalanx (2nd and 5th digits)
18
Q

What muscles are used for Extension of Hand (at wrist)?

A
  1. Extensor carpi radialis longus
  2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis
  3. Extensor digitorum
    * Rupture cause Mallet finger
  4. Extensor digiti minimi
  5. Extensor carpi ulnaris
  6. Entensor indicis
19
Q

What muscles are used for Abduction of the hand (at wrist)?

A
  1. Flexor carpi radialis
  2. Extensor carpi radialis longus
  3. Extensor carpi radialis brevis
20
Q

What muscles are used for Adduction of hand (at wrist)?

A
  1. Flexor carpi ulnaris
  2. Extensor carpi ulnaris
21
Q

What muscles are used for Flexion of the Thumb?

A
  1. Flexor pollicis longus
  2. Flexor pollicis brevis
22
Q

What muscles are used for Extension of the Thumb?

A
  1. Extensor pollicis brevis
  2. Extensor pollicis longus
23
Q

What muscles are used for the Abduction of the thumb?

A
  1. Abductor pollicis longus
  2. Abductor pollicis brevis
24
Q

What muscles are used for the Opposition of the Thumb?

A
  1. Opponens pollicis
    * Movement at 1st carpometacarpal joint
25
Q

What muscles is used for the Adduction of the Thumb?

A
  1. Adductor pollicis
26
Q

What is the muscular action of the Lumbricals?

A
  1. Flexion of digits at metacarpophalangeal joints
  2. Extension of digits at interphalangeal joints
  3. Hand of poker gambler
27
Q

What is the muscular action of Dorsal interossei?

A
  1. Abduction of digits
28
Q

What is the muscular action of Palmar interossei?

A
  1. Adduction of digits
    * “Hand of Beggar”

Clinical Anatomy Block 2 (7 decks)

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