Upper Limb (Lecture 7)

Question 1

Arm - Anterior Compartment

Answer 1

Muscles: biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis
Action: flex shoulder and elbow
Nerve: musculotaneous
Artery: brachial

Question 2

Arm - Posterior Compartment

Answer 2

Muscles: triceps brachii
Action: extend shoulder and elbow
Nerve: radial
Artery: deep brachial

Question 3

Pectoral Girdle Joints

Answer 3

1) Sternoclavicular
2) Acromioclavicular
3) Glenohumeral

Question 4

Sternoclavicular Joint

Answer 4

1) Synovial
2) Multi-axial
3) ball-and-socket

Question 5

Glenohumoral Joint

Answer 5

(shoulder)

1) Synovial
2) Ball-and-socket
3) multi-axial (3)

Question 6

Elbow Joint

Answer 6

1) Humeroulnar
2) Humeroradial
3) Radioulnar

Question 7

1) Humeroulnar

2) Humeroradial

Answer 7

1) Troclea and troclear notch
2) capitulum and radial head
- synovial, uniaxial (flexion and extension), hinge

Question 8

Radioulnar

Answer 8

Proximal - radial head and notch
Intermediate - Interosseus membrane
Distal - ulnar head and notch
-Synovial, pivot, uniaxial (pronation and supination)

Question 9

Wrist Joint - Radiocarpal Joint

+intercarpal joint

Answer 9

Radius with scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral
Planar
1. Synovial
2. Ellipsoid
3. Biaxial - flexion/extension; abduction/adduction

Question 10

1st Carpo-Metacarpal Joint of the Thumb

Answer 10

1st metacarpal and trapezium
1. Synovial
2. Saddle
3. Movements: 
flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
circumduction

Question 11

2nd-5th Carpo-Metacarpal Joints

Answer 11

1. Synovial
2. Planar (complex sellar)
3. Movements:
   flexion/extension
   abduction/adduction
   circumduction

Question 12

Interphalangeal Joints

Answer 12

1. Synovial
2. Uniaxial: hinge
3. Movements - flexion/extension

Question 13

Deep Fascia

Answer 13

• surrounds and supports muscles, bones, arteries, nerves, glands, organs, etc
• serves as an attachment for muscles
• facilitates the movement of muscles over other structures

Question 14

Flexor Compartment of Forearm (Anterior)

Answer 14

Muscles: 
1) pronator teres
2) flexor carpi ulnaris
3) palmaris longus
4) flexor carpi radialis 
5) extensor digitorum superficialis
Actions: flex elbow, wrist, and digits
Nerve: 
a) median
b) ulnar (flex. carpi ulnaris, ulnar 1/2 flex. dig. profundus
Artery: 
a) Ulnar
b) Ant. interosseus

Question 15

Extensor Compartment of Forearm (posterior)

Answer 15

Muscles: 
1) brachioradialis (flexes elbow)
2) ext. carpi radialis longus
3) ext. carpi radialis brevis
4) ext. digitorum
5) ext. digiti minime
6) ext. carpi ulnaris
Action: extend elbow, wrist, and digits
Nerve: Radial
Artery: Radial

Question 16

Lateral Compartment of Forearm

Answer 16

Muscles: 
1) Brachioradialis
2) ext. carpi radialis longus
3) ext. carpi radialis brevis
Action: flex elbow, extend wrist, abduct wrist
Nerve: radial

Question 17

Thenar

Answer 17

Muscles:
1) Flexor Pollicis Brevis
2) Abductor Pollicis Brevis
3) Opponens Pollicis
Action on thumb: Flexion, abduction, opposition 
Nerve: Median

Question 18

Hypothenar

Answer 18

Muscles: 
1) Abudcutor digiti minime
2) Flexor digiti minime brevis
3) Opponens digiti minime
Action on thumb: flexion, abduction, opposition
Nerve: Ulnar

Question 19

Interosseus Compartment

Answer 19

Action: 
1) flex metacarpophalangeal joint
2) extend interphalangeal joints
3) adduction of digits
4) abduction of digits
Nerve: Ulnar