Upper Limb Anatomy Flashcards by AJW Sports Therapy

State common bony palpations of shoulder

Clavicle
Sternum
Acromion
Coracoid Process
Humeral head
Greater tuberosity
Lesser tuberosity
Scapula
Spine of scapula
Inferior angle
medial border

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Joints of the shoulder

Sternoclavicular Joint

Acromioclavicular Joint

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Bony landmarks of the elbow

Medial/lateral epicondlye
Olecranon proccess
Ulna head and styloid process
Radial styloid and dorsal tubercle

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Bony landmarks of hand

Carpal bones
Metacarpals
DIPs
PIPs
Anatomical snuff box

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First proximal row of carpals

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum and pisiform

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Distal row of carpals

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate

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What is the origin of the coracobrachialis

Corocoid process

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State the insertion of coracobrachialis

Medial surface of mid humeral shaft

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How to test coracobrachialis

Supine lying arm at 90 degrees abducted, get them to adduct the shoulder.

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Levator scapulae origin?

Transverse processes C1-C4

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What is the insertion of Levator Scapulae?

Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula

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What does the levator scapulae do?

Elevate shoulder

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Long head of tricep origin?

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

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Origin of lateral head of tricep?

Posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus.

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Medial head of tricep origin?

Posterior surface of the distal half of the humerus

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Insertion of the tricep?

Olecranon process of the ulna

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State the Pectoralis major origin?

Medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of the first 6th ribs

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Insertion of Pectoralis major?

Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

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Test the Pectoralis Major?

Adduction of shoulder - patient in supine

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Origin of rhomboid major?

Spinous processes of T2-5

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Rhomboid minor origin

Spinous process of C7-T1

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Rhomboid major insertion?

Medial border of scapula between spine of scapula and inferior angle

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Rhomboid minor insertion?

Upper portion of medial border of scapula

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Action of rhomboid major and minor?

Adduct, elevate and downward rotate of scapula

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How do we test the rhomboids?

Arm in small of back, try and lift elbow.

Origin of Pectoralis minor?

3, 4 and 5th ribs

Pectoralis minor insertion?

Medial surface of corocoid process

How to Test Pectoralis minor

Hand in small of back, and lift off.

Serratus Anterior origin?

External surface of the upper 8/9 ribs

Insertion of Serratus Anterior?

Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

Testing the Serratus Anterior

Protract the scapula in supine position

State the rotator cuffs

Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis

Supraspinatus origin?

Supraspinus fossa

Insertion of Supraspinatus?

Greater tubercle of humerus

Infraspinatus origin?

Infraspinous fossa

Supraspinatus insertion?

greater tubercle of humerus

Infraspinatus insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Teres minor origin?

Upper 2/3rds of lateral border scapula

Insertion of Teres minor?

Greater tubercle of humerus

Origin of Subscapularis

Subscapularis fossa

Insertion of Subscapularis

lesser tubercle of humerus

Latissimus dorsi origin?

inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of T7-T12, last 3/4 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia and posterior iliac crest.

Insertion of latissimus dorsi?

Intertubercle groove of humerus

Origin of Teres major?

Inferior angle and lower 1/3 of lateral border of scapula

Insertion of Teres major

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Ways to test Teres major?

Lying prone, medially rotate humerus

Origin of trapezius?

External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligament nuchae and spinous processes C7-T12

Insertion of trapezius?

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Origin of deltoid?

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula.

Insertion of Deltoid

Deltoid Tuberosity

Short head of bicep origin?

Corocoid process of scapula

Long head of bicep origin?

Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion of biceps

Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the bicep brachii

Origin of brachialis?

distal 1/2 of anterior surface of humerus

Insertion of brachialis?

Tuberosity and coronoid process of the ulna

Origin of the brachioradialis?

Proximal 2/3rds of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion of brachioradialis?

Styloid process of radius

Abductor pollicis longus origin?

Posterior surface of radius and ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion of abductor pollicis longus

Base of 1st metacarpal

Origin of Extensor pollicis longus

Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion of extensor pollicis longus

Base of distal phalanx of the thumb

Extensor pollicis brevis origin

Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

Insertion of extensor pollicis brevis

base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Action of abductor pollicis brevis?

abduct the thumb

Flexor pollicis brevis action?

flexion of the thumb

Hyperthenar eminence contains which 3 muscles?

Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis.

Origin of abductor pollicis brevis

Flexor retinaculum, trapezium and scaphoid tubercles.

Insertion of abductor pollicis brevis

base of proximal phalanx of 1st metatarsal

Origin of flexor pollicis brevis?

Flexor retinaculum

Insertion of flexor pollicis brevis

base of proximal phalanx of thumb, palmar side.

origin of opponens pollicis?

flexor retinaculm

insertion of opponens pollicis

attaches to entire length of 1st metacarpal bone.

action of opponens pollicis

Opposition of the thumb

adductor pollicis origin

capitate and 2nd, 3rd metacarpal

Insertion of adductor pollicis

base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Origin of extensor carpi radialis longus?

Supracondylar ridge on lateral side of humerus

Insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus

Base of 2nd metacarpal

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

base of the 3rd metacarpal

Extensor digitorem origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion of extensor digitorem

middle and distal phalange of digits 2,3,4 and 5

Origin of extensor carpi ulnaris

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion of extensor carpi ulnaris

base of the 5th metacarpal

Wrist flexors

5 muscles, all originate from the medial epicondyle of humerus.

Flexor carpi radialis origin

medial epicondyle of the humerus

insertion of flexor carpi radialis

base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal

Origin of Palmaris longus

medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion of palmaris longus

Palmar fascia

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin

medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris

pisiform, hook of hamate and base 5th metacarpal