Upper Limb Flashcards

Learn the location, structure and function of bones, muscles and nerves

1
Q

Clavical

Location
Structure
Function

A

articulates with the sternoclavicular (sc) joint & the acromioclavicular (ac) joint.

Long bone, S in shape, superior surface is smooth and the inferior surface is rough for attachment of ligaments/muscles.

Connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton and holds the upper limb away form trunk for max ROM

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2
Q

Scapula

Location
Structure
Function

A

Overlies posterolateral aspect of 2nd to 7th rib, anterior aspect sits against thoracic cage.

Flat , triangle shape bone, three angles/borders (superior, inferior, lateral)

Ligament and muscle attachment, allows movement on the shoulder due to muscle attachment ( rotator cuff muscles.

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3
Q

Humerus

Location
Structure
Function

A

Between the glenohumeral joint and the elbow joint, articulates with the scapula at the GH joint and the radius/ulna at the promixal joint.

Long bone, largest of the upper limb, anatomical neck (location fused epiphysis, surgical neck ( narrowest part of the bone)

Serves as a location for muscle attachments

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4
Q

How do you determine which is the superior and inferior surface of the clavical

A

The superior surface is smooth, while the inferior is rough for muscle and ligament attachment

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5
Q

Difference between surgical and anatomical neck of humerus

A

Surgical neck is the narrowest part of the humerus

Anatomical neck is the location of the fused epiphysis

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6
Q

Deltoid

PA = Promixal attachment 
DA = Distal attachment 
N/S = Nerve supply 
A= Action
A

Lateral 1/3 of clavical, acromion and spine of scapula

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Axillary nerve

Anterior fibres: flex and medially roatates the arm
Middle fibres: abducts the arm
Posterior fibres: extends and laterally rotates the arm

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7
Q

Rotator cuff muscles and functions

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

All but supraspinatus rotate the humerus either internal or extrenal rotation.

Supraspinatus abducts it.

Rotator cuff provides dynamic stability

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8
Q

Supraspinatus

PA
DA
N/S
A

A

Supraspinous fossa

Superior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus

Suprascapular nerve

Shoulder abduction

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9
Q

Infraspinatus

PA
DA
N/S
A

A

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Suprascapular nerve

Externally (laterally) rotate the humerus

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10
Q

Teres minor

PA
DA
N/S
A

A

Middle part of the lateral border of the scapula

Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Axillary nerve

Externally (laterally) rotates the humerus

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11
Q

Subscapularis

PA
DA
N/S
A

A

Subscapular fossa

Lesser tubecle of the humerus

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

Internal ( medial) rotation of the humerus

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12
Q

Dermatomes of the upper limb

What vertebrae invervate what section of the upper arm.

A

C3 traps
C4 shoulder
C5 lateral aspect of arm
C6 lateral aspect of forearm and digits 1-3
C7 midline of forearm to digits 2-4
C8 medial aspect of forearm and digits 4-5
T1 medial aspect of arm

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