Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Upper Limb > Flashcards

Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones that make up the shoulder girdle?

A

Clavicle and scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the clavicle: type of bone, key landmarks, articulation (makes what joint), function, muscle and ligament attachment

A
  • Long bone, lateral end: flat, broad, sternal end: round, small
  • Acromial facet on lateral end articulates with acromion of the scapula forming the acromioclavicular joint.
  • Sternal facet on the sternal end articulates with clavicular notch of the manubrium of sternum forming the sternoclavicular joint. (attach to axial skeleton)
  • Pushes upper limb out to the side enabling great range of motion.
  • Roughening on inferior surface of lateral end provides attachment for coracoclavicular ligament.
  • Roughening on inferior surface of sternal end provides attachment for costoclavicular ligament.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the scapula: type of bone, key landmarks, articulation (makes what joint), function, muscle and ligament attachment

A
  • Flat bone
  • Clavicular facet on medial border of acromion articulates with acromial end of clavicle forming the acromioclavicular joint.
  • Glenoid fossa on lateral end of scapula articulates with head of humerus forming the glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint).
  • Stabilise bones involved in shoulder movement.
  • Fossae (depressions) for muscle attachment.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe sternoclavicular joint: type of joint, movements allowed, ligaments attached

A
  • saddle type synovial joint
  • Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction and rotation of the shoulders.
  • Sternoclavicular ligaments (anterior and posterior)
  • Costoclavicular ligament (very strong, main stabilising force of the joint, resisting elevation of the pectoral girdle)
  • Strong capsule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe acromioclavicular joint: type of joint, movements allowed, ligaments attached

A
  • plane synovial joint
  • all movements are passive, axial rotation to a degree
  • Acromioclavicular ligament (covers joint capsule, reinforcing superior aspect)
  • Conoid and trapezoid ligament making the coracoclavicular ligament (help stabilise joint- very strong)
  • Weak capsule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which shoulder girdle joint is commonly injured?

A
  • Acromioclavicular joint

- Fall on outstretched hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are common sites of injury of the humerus?

A
  • Surgical neck of humerus, midshaft and supracondylar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which muscle attaches to lesser tuberosity of humerus?

A
  • subscapularis muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which muscles attaches to greater tuberosity of humerus?

A
  • supraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus muscle, teres minor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which muscle attaches to scapula and runs through the bicipital groove of the humerus?

A
  • Long head of biceps brachii
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which muscle attaches to coracoid process of scapula?

A
  • Short head of biceps brachii
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which muscles attaches to lateral epicondyle of humerus?

A
  • extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digiti minimi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which muscles attaches to medial epicondyle of humerus?

A
  • flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi ulnaris
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the capitulum of the humerus articulate with?

A
  • head of radius
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the trochlea of the humerus articulate with?

A
  • the trochlear notch of the ulna
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint? What supports this unstable joint?

A
  • Synovial ball and socket joint

- Supported by glenoid labrum, coracoaromial ligament, rotator cuff muscles, long head of biceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder?

A
  • Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the physiological joint of the shoulder? (not true joint)

A
  • scapulo-thoracic joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is the clavicle most commonly fractured and why?

A
  • The junction between the two curvatures because the coracoclavicular ligament is quite strong here and so the clavicle will fracture before the ligament is broken.
20
Q

What position of shoulder joint dislocation is most common?

A
  • Anterior shoulder joint dislocation

- Occurs when force is applied to abducted and externally rotated arm

21
Q

What type of bone is the humerus, ulna and radius?

A
  • Long bones
22
Q

What links the ulna and the radius?

A
  • Interosseous membrane
23
Q

Which muscles attaches to the olecranon process of the ulna?

A
  • triceps muscles (long head, lateral head and medial head of triceps brachii)
24
Q

Which muscles attaches to the radial tuberosity of the radius?

A
  • biceps muscles (long head and short head of bicpes brachii
25
Q

Where is the proximal radioulnar joint?

A
  • Between head of radius and radial notch of ulna
26
Q

What two joint are at the elbow? What type of joints are they?

A
  • elbow joint (hinge type synovial joint)

- proximal radioulnar joint (pivot type synovial joint)

27
Q

Where is the distal radioulnar joint?

A
  • Between the head of ulna and ulnar notch on the distal radius
28
Q

What types of bones are in the wrist and hand? Example?

A
  • Short bones (the 8 carpals)
  • Long bones (the metacarpals and phalanges)
  • Sesamoid bones (pisiform bone)
29
Q

What type of joint is the wrist joint (radiocarpal joint)? Where is this joint?

A
  • Condyloid type synovial joint

- Between the distal radius and the carpal bones (scaphoid and lunate)

30
Q

What type of joints are found in the hand?

A
  • Thumb: saddle type synovial joint

- The rest of the carpometacarpal joints are plane type synovial joints

31
Q

What type of joints are found in the fingers?

A
  • metacarpophalangeal joints are condyloid joints

- interphalangeal joints are hinge type joints

32
Q

Which carpal is most commonly fractured?

A
  • Scaphoid bone
33
Q

What are the superficial/extrinsic muscles of the back? (not true back muscles)

A
  • Trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid minor, rhomboid major
34
Q

What are the anterior axio-appendicular muscles (shoulder girdle)?

A
  • Deltoid, pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, teres major, serratus
35
Q

What are the scapulo humeral muscles (shoulder girdle)

A
  • deltoid, biceps and the rotator cuff muscles
36
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?

A
  • Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis
37
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm?

A
  • Lateral head of triceps brachii, long head of triceps brachii and medial head of triceps brachii
38
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • Wrist and finger flexors
  • Superficial: FCU, FCR (arise from common flexor origin)
  • Intermediate: flexor digitorum superficialis (arise from common flexor tendon, radius and ulna)
  • Deep: FDP, FPL, PQ (arise from radius, ulna and interosseous membrane)
39
Q

What is the common flexor origin for the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • medial epicondyle
40
Q

Which muscle tendons pass through the carpal tunnel?

A
  • 4 tendons of FDS, 4 tendons of FDP, tendon of FPL
41
Q

Which muscle tendon pass through the flexor retinaculum?

A
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
42
Q

Which tendon is above the flexor retinaculum?

A
  • tendon of palmaris longus
43
Q

What is the common extensor origin for the muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • Lateral epicondyle
44
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • Wrist and finger extensors
  • Superficial: brachioradialis, (ECRL, ECRB, ECU -extends wrist), (EDC, EDM - extends digits) (arise from common extensor origin)
  • Deep: EI, (EPL, EPB, APL - for thumbs), supinator (arise from ulna radius and interosseous membrane)
45
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A
  • 4 thenar muscles
  • 3 hypothenar muscles
  • 4 lumbricals, 7 interossei (in palms)

Anatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions