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Anatomy BMSc > Upper Limb > Flashcards

Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

bony features of the anterior surface of scapula

A

coracoid process
sub scapular fossa
glenoid cavity

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2
Q

bony features of the posterior surface of scapula

A

supraspinous fossa
infraspinous fossa
spine of scapula
acromion

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3
Q

which muscles attach to the medial border of the scapula

A 
anterior 
serratus anterior 
posterior
superior: levator scapulae 
middle (level of spine): rhomboid minor 
inferior: rhomboid major
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4
Q

which muscle attaches to the inferior angle of the scapula

A

latissimus dorsi

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5
Q

which muscle attaches to the spine of scapula

A

trapezius

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6
Q

which muscle attaches to the acromion

A

deltoid

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7
Q

which muscles attach to the coracoid process

A

short head of biceps and coracobrachialis

pec minor

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8
Q

what muscle attaches to the infraglenoid tubercle

A

long head triceps

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9
Q

where is the bicipital groove

A

between the greater and lesser tubercles

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10
Q

which muscles attach to the acromial end of clavicle

A

deltoid

trapezius

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11
Q

which muscle attaches to the central, inferior surface of clavicle

A

subclavius

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12
Q

which muscles attach to the sternal end of clavicle

A

pec major and sternocleidomastoid

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13
Q

attachments of pec major

A

clavicle, costal cartilage ribs 1-6 and sternum

TO outer lip bicipital groove

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14
Q

action of pec major

A

flexion and adduction of arm

medial rotation of humerus

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15
Q

innervation of pac major

A

medial (C8-T1) and lateral (C5-7) pectoral nerves from medial and lateral cords of brachial plexus

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16
Q

what is the general rule for the action of muscles in the upper limb

A 
if it crosses the....
anterior surface it flexes 
posterior surface it extends 
medial surface it adducts 
lateral surface it abducts
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17
Q

attachments ofpec minor

A

ribs 3/4/5

TO coracoid process of scapula

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18
Q

action of pec minor

A

pulls shoulder anterior and inferior

elevates ribs if shoulder fixed (tripod stance)

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19
Q

innervation of pec minor

A

medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1) from medial cord of BP

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20
Q

attachments of serratus anterior

A

outer surface of upper 8 ribs

TO medial border of scapula

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21
Q

action of serratus anterior

A

protraction of scapula

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22
Q

innervation of serratus anterior

A

long thoracic nerve (C5,6,7) of BP

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23
Q

attachments of trapezius

A

superior nuchal ling of occipital bone, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12
TO lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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24
Q

action of trapezius

A

superior part: elevates scapula, rotates glenoid cavity
middle fibres: retract scapula
superior fibres: depress scapula

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25
Q

innervation of trapezius

A

sinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

cervical plexus C3,4 (pain)

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26
Q

attachments of latissimus dorsi

A

ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae
TO floor of bicipital groove

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27
Q

action of latissimus dorsi

A

extension medial rotation and adduction of arm

climbing/pull ups

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28
Q

innervation of latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus (C6-8)

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29
Q

attachments of levator scapulae

A

transverse processes of atlas and axis, 3/4 cervical vertebrae
TO medial medial scapular border between superior angle and medial end of scapula spine

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30
Q

action of levator scapulae

A

help control scapular position, elevate shoulder (with trapezius)
if shoulder fixed, can laterally flex neck to same side

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31
Q

innervation of levator scapulae

A

direct C3,45 via dorsal scapular nerve

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32
Q

attachments of rhomboid major

A

2-5 thoracic spines

TO medial border of scapula (spine to inferior angle)

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33
Q

attachments of rhomboid minor

A

nuchal ligament and C7-T1 spines

TO medial end of spine of scapula

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34
Q

action of rhomboids

A

retraction of scapula

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35
Q

innervation of rhomboids

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C4,5)

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36
Q

attachments of deltoid

A

lateral 1/3 scapula, acromion, spine of scapula

TO deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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37
Q

action of deltoid

A

anterior fibres: flexion and medial rotation
posterior fibres: extension and lateral rotation
middle fibres: abduction of arm from 10-110 degrees

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38
Q

innervation of deltoid

A

axillary nerve (C5-6) from posterior cord of BP

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39
Q

what is the name of the space between deltoid and pec major

A

delto-pectoral groove

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40
Q

which structure runs through the delta-pectoral groove

A

cephalic vein

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41
Q

attachments of tires major

A

lateral border of scapula (posterior, lower 1/3)

TO medial lip of bicipital groove

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42
Q

action of teres major

A

adduction and medial rotation of arm

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43
Q

innervation of teres major

A

sub scapular branch of posterior cord of BP (C5,6)

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44
Q

attachments of subclavius

A

sternal end of 1st rib

TO medial third of underside of clavicle

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45
Q

action of subclavius

A

draw down and slightly forwards during abduction

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46
Q

innervation of subclavius

A

nerve to subclavius C5,6

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47
Q

in which direction is dislocation of the shoulder most common and why

A

anteroinferior

no muscle in the underside of shoulder joint, so humeral head moves down and forward through the gap

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48
Q

attachments of subscapularis

A

sub scapular fossa

TO lesser tubercle of humerus

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49
Q

action of subscapularis

A

medial rotation of arm

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50
Q

innervation of subscapularis

A

upper and lower sub scapular nerves (C5,6,7) from posterior cord of BP

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51
Q

attachments of supraspinatus

A

supraspinous fossa

TO upper facet of greater tubercle

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52
Q

action of supraspinatus

A

abducts arm first 10-15 degrees

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53
Q

innervation of supraspinatus

A

supra scapular nerve (C5,6) from superior trunk of BP

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54
Q

attachment of infraspinatus

A

infraspinous fossa

TO middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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55
Q

action of infrapsinatus

A

lateral rotation of arm

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56
Q

innervation of infrapsinatus

A

suprascapular nerve (C5,6) from superior trunk of BP

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57
Q

attachment of teres minor

A

upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula

TO lower facet of greater tubercle

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58
Q

action of teres minor

A

lateral rotation of arm

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59
Q

innervation of teres minor

A

axillary nerve (C5,6) branch of posterior cord of BP

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60
Q

which ligaments attach to the lesser tubercle of humerus

A

superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments

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61
Q

which ligament attaches to the greater tubercle of humerus

A

coracohumeral ligament

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62
Q

which ligament stretches between the greater and lesser tubercles

A

transverse humeral ligament

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63
Q

what is the function of the transverse humeral ligament

A

holds the biceps tendon in place

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64
Q

which ligaments are associated with the clavicle

A 
acromioclavicular 
coracoclavicular 
Coraoacromial 
anterior and posterior sternoclavicular 
costoclavicular
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65
Q

what are the borders of the quadrangular space

A

superior: teres minor
inferior: teres major
lateral: humerus
medial: long head biceps

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66
Q

what passes through the quadrangular space

A

axillary nerve

posterior circumflex humeral artery

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67
Q

borders of the triangular space

A

base: teres major
medial: long head biceps
lateral: humerus

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68
Q

what passes through the triangular space

A

radial nerve and profunda brachii artery

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69
Q

anterior boundaries of axilla

A

pec major and minor
subclavius
fascia

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70
Q

floor of axilla

A

skin and arm/thoracic wall

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71
Q

roof of axilla

A

rib 1
clavicle
scapula

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72
Q

posterior wall of axilla

A

subscapularis
teres major
latissimus dorsi
long head triceps

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73
Q

lateral wall of axilla

A

humerus

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74
Q

medial wall of axilla

A

serrates anterior and wall of thorax

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75
Q

what are the contents of the axilla

A

vessels, nerves, lymphatics of upper limb
short head of biceps and coracobrachialis
adipose tissue

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76
Q

what is the most anterior of the major vessels of axilla

A

axillary vein

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77
Q

when does the axillary vein become the axillary vein

A

at the lower margin of teres major

basilic vein –> axillary vein

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78
Q

when does the axillary vein transition to the subclavian vein

A

lateral border of rib 1

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79
Q

the axillary artery is a branch of which artery

A

subclavian

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80
Q

at which point does the axillary artery transition to the brachial artery

A

inferior margin of teres major

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81
Q

where is the 1st part of the axillary nerve in relation to pec minor

A

proximal to pec minor

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82
Q

what is the name of the branch arising from the 1st part of axillary artery

A

superior thoracic artery

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83
Q

where is the 2nd part of axillary nerve in relation to pec minor

A

deep to pec minor

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84
Q

which branches arise from 2nd part of axillary artery

A

thoracoacromial

lateral thoracic

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85
Q

where is the 3rd part of axillary artery in relation to pec minor

A

distal to pec minor

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86
Q

which branches arise from the 3rd part of axillary artery

A

anterior and posterior circumflex arteries

subscapular artery

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87
Q

which nodes in the axilla drain lymph from the upper limb

A

humeral nodes

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88
Q

which nodes in the axilla drain lymph from the thorax and breast tissue

A

pectoral

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89
Q

where are the humeral nodes

A

posterior to axillary vein

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90
Q

where are the pectoral nodes

A

inferior margin of pec minor

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91
Q

subscapular nodes drain which structures

A

back, shoulder, neck

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92
Q

where are the subscapular nodes

A

posterior axillary wall

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93
Q

where are the apical nodes

A

superior margin of pec minor

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94
Q

which nerve roots make up the brachial plexus

A

anterior rami of C5-T1

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95
Q

sympathetic contribution to brachial plexus

A

grey rami communicantes (post-ganglionic sympathetic fibres)

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96
Q

between which muscles do the roots of the brachial plexus pass

A

between anterior and mid scalene muscles

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97
Q

trunks of brachial plexus

A

superior trunk = C5,6
middle trunk = C7
inferior trunk = C8,T1

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98
Q

which nerves are branches of the roots of the brachial plexus

A

contribution to phrenic nerve (C5)

C5-7 long thoracic nerve

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99
Q

what muscle does the long thoracic nerve innervate

A

serratus anterior

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100
Q

which is the trunk to have branches off it

A

superior trunk

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101
Q

what are the branches of the superior trunk

A

suprascapular nerve

nerve to subclavius

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102
Q

what does the supra scapular nerve innervate

A

infraspinatus and supraspinatus

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103
Q

what does nerve to subclavius innervate

A

subclavius

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104
Q

what are the division of the brachial plexus

A

each trunk splits into an anterior and posterior division

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105
Q

how do the divisions combine

A

all the posterior division combine to form the posterior cord
the anterior divisions of the middle and superior trunks combine to form the lateral cord
the anterior division of the inferior trunk continues alone to form the medial cord

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106
Q

the anterior divisions are associated with which compartments of the upper limb

A

anterior compartments of arm and forearm

flexors

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107
Q

the posterior divisions are associated with which compartments of the upper limb

A

posterior compartments of arm and forearm

extensors

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108
Q

which structures are cords named in relation to

A

axillary artery

eg medial, lateral or posterior to axillary artery

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109
Q

which fibres are present in the lateral cord

A

C5-7

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110
Q

which nerve arises from the lateral cord

A

lateral pectoral nerve

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111
Q

the posterior cord contains which nerve roots

A

C5-T1

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112
Q

which peripheral nerves arise from the posterior cord

A

subscapular and thoracodorsal nerves

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113
Q

which roots are present in the medial cord

A

C8-T1

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114
Q

which peripheral nerves arise from the medial cord

A

medial pectoral nerve

medial cutaneous nerves

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115
Q

which branches arise from the lateral cord

A

musculocutaneous

lateral root of median

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116
Q

which branches arise from posterior cord

A

axillary and martial

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117
Q

which branches arise from the medial cord

A

ulnar and medial root of median

118
Q

which group of muscles are contained in the anterior compartment of the arm

A

flexors of arm and elbow

119
Q

which nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the arm

A

musculocutaneous nerve (C5-6)

120
Q

what are the muscles of the anterio compartment of the arm

A

biceps brachii
coracobrachialis
brachialis

121
Q

attachments of biceps brachia

A

long head = supraglenoif fossa of scapula
short head = coracoid process
common insertion into radial tuberosity

122
Q

where is the bicipital aponeurosis

A

distal attachment in the cubital fossa

123
Q

what are the actions of biceps brachia

A

supination (most powerful supinator)
flexion of elbow
weak flexion of shoulder

124
Q

attachments of coracobrachialis

A

coracoid process to medial mid-shaft of humerus

125
Q

actions of coracobrachialis

A

flexion of arm

assists adduction

126
Q

innervation of coracobrachialis

A

musculocutnaeous nerve (C5,6,7)

127
Q

which nerve pierces the surface of coracobrachialis

A

musculocutaneous nerve

128
Q

attachments of brachialis

A

distal half of anterior surface of humerus to ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process

129
Q

action of brachialis

A

flexion of elbow

130
Q

innervation of brachialis

A 
musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6)
small contribution from lateral fibres of radial nerve (C7)
131
Q

muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm

A

triceps brachii

132
Q

attachments of triceps brachii

A

long head: infraglenoid tubercle
medial head: posterior surface of humeral shaft, inferior to radial groove
lateral head: posterior surface of humeral shaft, superior to radial groove
common insertion: olecranon of ulna

133
Q

action of triceps

A

elbow extension

134
Q

innervation of triceps

A

radial nerve (C6-8)

135
Q

the brachial artery is a continuation of…

A

axillary artery

136
Q

when does the axillary artery transition to brachial artery

A

after passing teres major

137
Q

what is the first branch of brachial artery

A

profunda brachii

deep brachial

138
Q

which space does the profucda brachii pass through

A

triangular space to reach posterior compartment

139
Q

what is the terminal branch of profound brachii

A

radial collateral artery

140
Q

which artery do the superior and inferior ulnar collateral arteries arise from

A

brachial artery

141
Q

what are the terminal bracnhes of the brachial artery

A

ulnar and radial arteries

142
Q

what are the borders of the cubital fossa

A

lateral: brachioradialis
medial: pronator teres
roof: skin, fascia, bicipital aponeurosis
floor: brachialis

143
Q

how do the cephalic and basilic veins communicate

A

via the median cubital vein

144
Q

describe the course of the cephalic vein from the cubital fossa

A

stays superficial, runs through the deltopectoral groove before piercing the clavipectoral fascia to reach the axillary vein

145
Q

describe the course of the basilic vein

A

goes deeper and follows the brachial artery to become the axillary vein

146
Q

branches of which nerve run alongside the basilic vein

A

medial cutaneous nerve from medial cord of BP

147
Q

branches of which nerve run alongside the cephalic vein

A

lateral cutaneous nerve from lateral cord of BP

148
Q

lateral cutaneous nerve is the terminal branch of which BP branch

A

musculocutaneous nerve

149
Q

from medial to lateral, what are the contents of the cubital fossa

A

median nerve
bifurcation of brachial artery
tendon of biceps

150
Q

the radial recurrent and anterior ulnar recurrent arteries are branches of which arteries and what do they contribute to

A

radial and ulnar arteries respectively

elbow anastomosis

151
Q

which branches of the ulnar artery supply deep structures of the forearm

A

common interosseous, which splits into anterior and posterior

152
Q

what is the function of the intermuscular septa

A

separate the muscles into compartments

153
Q

which structures are associate with the medial inter muscular septum of the arm

A

median nerve and basilic vein

154
Q

which structures are associated with the lateral inter muscular septum of the arm

A

radial nerve and deep brachial artery

155
Q

which bony feature is closely associated with the ulnar nerve

A

medial epicondyle

156
Q

which bony features is closely associated with the axillary nerve

A

head of humerus

157
Q

which bony feature is closely associated with the radial nerve

A

radial groove of humerus

158
Q

where is the common extensor origin

extensors of forearm

A

lateral epicondyle

159
Q

where is the common flexor origin

flexors of forearm

A

medial epicondyle

160
Q

main actions of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

flexion of the wrist and digits

pronation of the forearm

161
Q

what is the main nerve of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

median nerve

162
Q

which muscles are not innervated by the median nerve in the anterior compartment, and are innervated by which nerve

A

flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus
ULNAR NERVE

163
Q

which is the most superficial muscle of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

palmaris longus

164
Q

attachments of palmaris longs

A

medial epicondyle to palmar fascia/aponeurosis

165
Q

what is the action of palmaris longs

A

tighten fascia and aid in wrist flexion

166
Q

innervation of palmaris longs

A

median nerve (C7,8)

167
Q

attachments of the pronator trees

A

medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna to lateral surface of radius

168
Q

action of pronator teres

A

pronation

assists in elbow flexion

169
Q

innervation of pronator teres

A

median nerve (C6,7)

170
Q

which muscle makes up the medial boundary of the cubital fossa

A

pronator teres

171
Q

attachments of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

medial epicondyle to base of pisiform, hamate and 5th metacarpal

172
Q

attachments of flexor carpi radialis

A

medial epicondyle to base of 2nd metacarpal

173
Q

action of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

flexion and adduction of wrist

174
Q

action of flexor carpi radialis

A

flexion and abduction of wrist

175
Q

innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar nerve (C7,8)

176
Q

innervation of flexor carpi radialis

A

median nerve (C6,7)

177
Q

attachments of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna to middle phalanges (lateral) of digits 2-5

178
Q

action of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexion of MCP, PIP, wrist and (elbow) joints

179
Q

innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median nerve (C7,8, T1)

180
Q

attachments of flexor digitorum profundus

A

ulna and interosseous membrane to distal phalanges of digits 2-5 (palmar)

181
Q

action of flexor digitorum profundus

A

flexion of MCP, PIP, DIP, wrist

182
Q

innervation of flexor digitorum profundus

A

medial half: ulnar nerve (C8-T1)

lateral half: median nerve (C8-T1 - anterior interosseous branch)

183
Q

attachments of flexor pollicis longus

A

radius and interosseous membrane of distal phalanx of thumb (palmar)

184
Q

action of flexor pollicis longus

A

flexion of MCP and IP of thumb and wrist

185
Q

innervation of flexor pollicis longus

A

median nerve (C8-T1 - anterior interosseous branch)

186
Q

attachments of pronator quadratus

A

distal anterior ulna to distal anterior radius

187
Q

action of pronator quadratus

A

pronation and helps to stabilise distal radioulnar joint

188
Q

innervation of pronator quadrates

A

median nerve (C8,T1 - anterior interosseous branch)

189
Q

where does the anterior interosseous artery run

A

in fascia anterior to interosseous membrane

190
Q

roots of median nerve

191
Q

through which structure foes the median nerve pass to enter the hand

A

carpal tunnel

192
Q

which muscles does the median nerve pass between as it enters the forearm

A

pronator teres

193
Q

which branch of median nerve supplies deeper muscles of forearm

A

anterior interosseous branch

194
Q

which branch is given off the median nerve immediately before the carpal tunnel

A

palmar cutaneous branch

195
Q

roots of ulnar nerve

196
Q

the ulnar artery is a branch of which artery

197
Q

carpal bones

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

198
Q

what forms the roof of the carpal tunnel

A

flexor retinaculum

199
Q

what are the attachments of the flexor retinaculum

A

medial: pisiform, hook of hamate
lateral: tubercle of scaphoid and ridge of trapezium

200
Q

what are the contents of the carpal tunnel

A

long tendons for fingers and thumb
- 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis
- flexor pollicis longus
median nerve

201
Q

where does tendon of flexor carpi radialis pass in the wrist

A

through a space between a septum trapezium

202
Q

attachments of anconeus

A

lateral epicondyle to olecranon of ulna

203
Q

action of anconeus

A

extension of elbow

204
Q

innervation of anconeus

A

radial nerve (C7,8 - T1)

205
Q

attachments of brachioradialis

A

distal humerus (supracondylar rage) to radius proximal to styloid process

206
Q

action of brachioradialis

A

flexion of the elbow, especially when the forearm is in the semipro position

207
Q

innervation of brachioradialis

A

radial nerve (C5,6,7)

208
Q

what are the divisions of the radial Neve

A 
deep branch (posterior interosseous)
superficial
209
Q

main actions of posterior compartment of the forearm

A

extension of digits and wrist, abduction of thumb, supination

210
Q

innervation of posterior compartment of arm

A

radial nerve

211
Q

attachments of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

supracondylar ridge to base of 2nd metacarpal

212
Q

attachments of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus to base of 3rd metacarpal

213
Q

action of extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis

A

wrist extension and abduction

214
Q

innervation of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

radial nerve C6,7

215
Q

innervation of extensors carpi radialis braves

A

radial nerve (C7,8)

216
Q

attachments of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus to base of 5th metacarpal

217
Q

action of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

wrist extension and adduction

218
Q

innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

radial nerve (C7,8 - posterior interosseous)

219
Q

attachments of extensor digitorum

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus to dorsal expansion of digits 2-5

220
Q

action of extensor digitorum

A

extension of MCP mostly, also PIP and DIP of digits 2-5

221
Q

what is the dorsal expansion

A

fascia, sheet of connective tissue

222
Q

innervation of extensor digitorum

A

radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous

223
Q

attachments of extensor digiti minimi

A

lateral epicondyle to dorsal expansion of 5th digit

224
Q

action of extensor digiti minimi

A

extension of MCP, PIP and DIP of little finger

225
Q

innervation of extensor digiti minimi

A

radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous

226
Q

attachments of extenor indices

A

posterior surface of ulna (and interosseous membrane) to dorsal expansion of digit 2

227
Q

action of extensor indicies

A

extension of MCP, PIP, DIP of index finger

228
Q

innervation of extensor indices

A

radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous

229
Q

attachments of extensor pollicis longus

A

ulnar and interosseous membrane to base of distal phalanx of thumb

230
Q

action of extensor pollicis longus

A

extension of CMC, MCP and IP joints of thumb, wrist

231
Q

innervation of extensor pollicis longus

A

radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous

232
Q

attachments of extensor pollicis brevis

A

radius and interosseous membrane to base of proximal phalanx of thumb

233
Q

action of extensor pollicis brevis

A

extension of CMC and MCP of thumb, wrist

234
Q

innervation of extensor pollicis brevis

A

radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous

235
Q

attachments of abductor pollicis longus

A

radius, interosseous membrane and ulna to base of 1st metacarpal

236
Q

action of abductor pollicis longus

A

abducts thumb, extension at CMC joint, extension of wrist

237
Q

innervation of abductor pollicis longus

A

radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous

238
Q

attachments of supinator

A

crest of ulna, lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligament to lateral radius

239
Q

action of supinator

A

supination of forearm

240
Q

innervation of supinator

A

radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous branch

241
Q

which muscles are innervated pre-division of the radial nerve

A

triceps, anconeous, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis ongus

242
Q

what is the action of the dorsal interossei

A

abduction of digits

243
Q

what are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box

A

tendons of extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus

244
Q

what makes up the floor od then anatomical snug box

A

trapezium and scaphoid

245
Q

which vessels run through the snuff box

A

radial artery (deep)
superficial branch of radial nerve
cephalic vein

246
Q

what type of joints are present in the intercarpal joints

A

synovial plane

247
Q

what type of joints are CMC joints

A 
synovial saddle (thumb)
synovial plane (digits)
248
Q

what type of joints are MCPs

A

synovial condyloid

249
Q

what type of joints are the PIPs and DIPs

A

synovial hinges

250
Q

attachments of palmar is brevis

A

palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum to dermis

251
Q

action of palmaris brevis

252
Q

innervation of palmaris brevis

A 
ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
superficial branch
253
Q

which muscles are found in the thenar eminence

A

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

254
Q

attachments of abductor pollicis brevis

A

scaphoid and trapezium to base of proximal phalanx of thumb

255
Q

action of abductor pollicis brevis

A

abduction of thumb CMC joint

256
Q

innervation of abductor pollicis brevis

A 
median nerve (C8-T1)
recurrent branch
257
Q

attachments of flexor pollicis brevis

A

flexor retinaculum, capitate, trapezium to base of proximal phalanx of thumb

258
Q

action of flexor pollicis brevis

A

CMC joint flexion

259
Q

innervation of flexor pollicis brevis

A 
median nerver (C8-T1)
recurrent branch
260
Q

attachments of opponens pollicis

A

trapezium to first MC

261
Q

action of opponens pollicis

A

opposition of CMC joint

262
Q

innervation of opponens pollicis

A 
median nerve (C8-T1)
recurrent branch
263
Q

what is the deepest muscle of the thenar eminence

A

opponens pollicis

264
Q

attachments of adductor policies

A

transverse head from 3rd MC
oblique head from capitate and 2nd/3rd MCs
to base of proximal phalanx of thumb

265
Q

action of adductor pollicis

A

adduction of CMC joint

flexion of MCP thumb

266
Q

innervation of adductor pollicis

A 
ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
deep branch
267
Q

muscles of hypthenar eminence

A

abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi

268
Q

attachments of abductor digiti minimi

A

pisiform bone to base of 5th proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion

269
Q

action of abductor digiti minimi

A

abduction and flexion of MCP of little finger

270
Q

innervation of abductor digiti minimi

A 
ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
deep branch
271
Q

attachments of flexor digiti minimi

A

hamate, flexor retinaculum to base of 5th MC

272
Q

action of flexor digiti minimi

A

flexion of MCP of little finger

273
Q

innervation of flexor digiti minimi

A 
ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
deep branch
274
Q

attachments of opponens digiti minimi

A

hamate and flexor retinaculum to 5th MC

275
Q

action of opponens digiti minimi

A

weak opposition of little finger

276
Q

innervation of opponens digiti minimi

A 
ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
deep branch
277
Q

attachments of lumbricals

A

tendon of flexor digitorum profundus to dorsal digital expansion

278
Q

which lumbricals are unipennate/bipennate

A 
unipennate = 1st and 2nd 
bipennate = 3rd and 4th
279
Q

action of lumbricals

A

flexion of MCP joint

extension of IP joint

280
Q

innervation of lumbricals

A

1st/2nd: median nerve (digital C8-T1)

3rd/4th: ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

281
Q

attachments of palmar interossei

A

1st: 2nd metacarpal to use of 2nd proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion
2nd: 4th MC to base of 4th proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion
3rd: 5th MC to base of 5th proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion

282
Q

action of palmar interossei

A

adduction towards middle finger

flexes MCP, extends PIP

283
Q

innervation of palmar interossei

A

ulnar nerve (deep C8-T1)

284
Q

attachments of dorsal interossei

A

1st: 1st and 2nd MC to 2nd proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion
2nd: 2nd and 3rd MC to 3rd proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion
3rd: 3rd and 4th MC to 3rd proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion
4th: 4th and 5th MC to 4th proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion

285
Q

action of dorsal interossei

A

abduction

MCP flexion, IP flexion

286
Q

innervation of dorsal interossei

A

ulnar nerve

deep C8-T1

287
Q

which artery supplies the majority of the deep palmar arch

A

ulnar artery

288
Q

which artery supplies the majority of the superficial palmar arch

A

radial artery

289
Q

course of digital branches of palmar arches

A

travel down lateral surfaces of digits

290
Q

course of radial artery in the hand

A

passes along floor of snuffbox over scaphoid and trapezium into hand, passes between heads of adductor pollicis to anastomose with ulnar artery

Anatomy BMSc (9 decks)

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