Upper Limb Flashcards
Bones & Pectoral Region
What side of the pectoral girdle ring is open? What two movements does it allow for?
open posteriorly
allows mobility & independent motion
How many articulations are between pectoral girdle and axial skeleton?
one at the sternoclavicular joint
What muscles is the pectoral girdle stabilized by>
axio-appendicular muscles
Which side of the clavicle is convex vs concave?
convex medially
concave laterally
What does the sternal end of the clavicle articulate with and what joint does this form?
articulates with the manubrium and creates the sternoclavicular joint
What does the acromial end of the clavicle articulate with and what joint does this form?
articulates with scapula acromion process and creates the acromioclavicular joint
the clavicle suspends the scapula at what feature
coracoid process
what does the clavicle allow the scapula to glide on and what joint does this create?
allows the scapula to glide on thoracic wall; creates the scapulothoracic joint
What happens to the clavicle when you fall on an outstretched hand
the clavicle is the weak point in transmission of force through arm (after fall) and why its frequently fractured
what ligament covers the suprascapular notch
superior transverse scapular ligament
what are the three angles of the scapula
superior, lateral, and inferior
what are the three fossa’s of the scapula
supraspinous, infraspinous, and subscapular
what is the feature of the lateral scapula that holds the humeral head
glenoid fossa
what are the 3 pairs of scapular movements
elevation/depression
protraction/retraction
upward/downward rotation
what scapular ligament is the center of balance
coracoclavicular ligament
does the scapula attach to the axial skeleton
no, only glides on the thoracic wall
what is the longest bone of the upper limb
humerus
where is the anatomical head of the humerus located
between the head and tubercles
where is the surgical neck of the humerus located
distal to tubercles
which location on the humerus is where its usually fractured
surgical neck
which directions do the greater and lesser tubercles project
greater projects laterally
lesser projects anteriorly
what humeral feature protects the long head of biceps
intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)
what humeral feature separates the medial and lateral head of triceps
radial groove
what nerve & artery are within the humeral radial groove
radial nerve
profundal brachii artery
what humeral feature is located between the epicondyles
condyle
what two surfaces and three depressions are located on the humeral condyle
surfaces- capitulum and trochlea
depressions- radial, coronoid, and olecranon fossas
what side of the humeral condyle is the capitulum located and what does it articulate with
lateral; articulates with head of radius
what side of the humeral condyle is the trochlea located and what does it articulate with
medial; articulates with trochlear notch of ulna
where is the radial fossa located and what does it articulate with
anterior & above capitulum
radial head
where is the coronoid fossa located and what does it articulate with
anterior and above trochlea
coronoid process of ulna
where is the olecranon fossa located and what does it articulate with
posterior and above trochlea
olecranon of ulna
what two things does the ulna articulate with
trochlea and radius
is the ulna medial or lateral i
medial
what two features of the ulna form the trochlear notch
olecranon and coronoid process
what muscle attaches to the ulnar tuberosity
brachialis
what two features are inferior to the ulnar radial notch
supinator crest and fossa
what is the significance of the radial notch
important for radius to spin during supination and pronation
what direction is the styloid process on the distal ulna
posteromedial
does the ulna articulate with the wrist
no
what makes up the two sides of the forearm interosseous membrane
lateral side of ulna and medial side of radius
what two things does the radius articulate with
capitulum and ulna
what two things does the radial head articulate with
has a concave surface for capitulum and peripherial lip for radial notch
what muscle attaches to the radial tuberosity
biceps brachii (tuberosity projects anteromedial)
is radius medial or lateral
lateral
what is the purpose of the posterior dorsal tubercle of the radius
it holds the tendons of the forearm muscles
Is the radius styloid process medial or lateral
lateral
what does the medial ulnar notch of the radius articulate with
head of ulna
describe the convex and concave nature of the carpal bones
convex posterior row of bones and concave anterior row of bones
what is the proximal row of bones lateral to medial
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
what two bones of the proximal row of carpal bones are stacked on each other
pisiform is anterior to triquetrum
