Upper Limb Flashcards
The upper limb consists of the ____ and the ____. arm
forearm
The cutaneous nerves in the upper limb are responsible for ____ and ____ sensations. sensory
pain
The elbow joint is located between the ____ and the ____. humerus
radius
The cubital fossa is a triangular area located in front of the ____ and contains important ____ and ____ structures. elbow
nerves
Yuan Gao
M.D.
In the context of medical education
it is important to disclose any ____ with companies related to ____ or ____ practices. relationships
The elbow joint complex consists of the distal humerus
proximal radius
The collateral ligaments play a crucial role in maintaining _____ at the elbow
particularly during _____ movements. stability
The distal humerus features the _____ and _____
which are important for understanding elbow anatomy on x-rays. trochlea
The dermatomes of the upper limb are important for identifying _____ and _____ sensations in different regions. motor
sensory
The anterior compartment muscles of the arm are primarily innervated by the _____ nerve
while the posterior compartment is innervated by the _____ nerve. musculocutaneous
Common sites of trauma in the arm include the _____ and _____
which can lead to specific motor and sensory symptoms. elbow
The major peripheral nerves that innervate muscle groups include the _____
_____
The cubital fossa is bounded by the _____
_____
Arterial supply in the upper limb follows a general pattern
with venous drainage and _____ drainage being equally important for _____ health. lymphatic
A pulse can be evaluated at specific points in the upper limb
including the _____ and _____ arteries. brachial
The elbow joint is classified as a ____ joint and primarily allows for ____ and ____. hinge
flexion
The radioulnar joints are classified as ____ joints and are involved in ____ and ____. pivot
pronation
The proximal radioulnar joint is a type of ____ joint that allows for ____ and ____. pivot
pronation
The distal radioulnar joint is also a ____ joint
facilitating ____ and ____. pivot
The intermediate radioulnar joint is classified as a ____ and is formed by the ____ membrane between the radius and ulna. syndesmosis
interosseous
The interosseous membrane between the radius and ulna prevents them from ____ and is part of the ____ radioulnar joint. separating
intermediate
The humeroradial and humeroulnar joints are involved in the elbow joint’s primary motion of ____ and ____. flexion
extension
In the context of the elbow joint
the primary motions are ____ and ____
The elbow joint is supported by ligaments such as the ____ ligament and the ____ collateral ligament. Annular
Ulnar
In a dislocated elbow joint
the bones are forced out of their normal alignment
The annular ligament surrounds the head of the ____ while the ulnar collateral ligament provides stability to the ____ joint. radius
elbow
A common issue with the elbow joint is a ‘pulled elbow’
which is a type of ____ that can cause difficulty in ____ the joint. dislocation
The elbow joint includes ligaments such as the radial collateral ligament and the ____ ligament
which help maintain joint stability. ulnar
The upper limb consists of several layers from superficial to deep
including the ____ and ____ fascia. skin
In the upper limb
the superficial fascia contains cutaneous nerves
The deep fascia of the upper limb surrounds ____ muscle
arteries
The major nerves supplying the upper limb originate from the ____ plexus. brachial
The layers of the upper limb include skin
superficial fascia
A dermatome map illustrates the area of skin supplied by each ____ nerve
while a cutaneous fields diagram shows the area supplied by ____ branches. spinal
Superficial veins drain into ____ veins
which follow the same named ____ in the body. deep
The cephalic vein and basilic vein are examples of ____ veins that play a role in blood ____ in the upper limb. superficial
drainage
The median cubital vein is located in the ____ and connects the cephalic and ____ veins. cubital fossa
basilic
Deep veins in the body are associated with the same named ____ and are responsible for returning blood to the ____ heart. arteries
central
Superficial lymph vessels travel in _____ and are more numerous than _____ superficial fascia
superficial veins
Deep lymphatic vessels accompany _____ and _____
terminating in the _____ lymph nodes. arteries
The axillary lymph nodes are drained by the _____ trunk after receiving lymph from deep lymphatic vessels and _____ lymph vessels. subclavian
superficial
Superficial lymph vessels join _____ lymphatic vessels
while deep lymphatic vessels terminate in the _____ lymph nodes. deep
The lymphatic system includes superficial lymph vessels that are more numerous than _____ and deep lymphatic vessels that accompany _____ and deep veins. superficial veins
arteries
The arm is divided into two compartments: the anterior (______) and the posterior (______). flexor
extensor
In the anterior compartment of the arm
there are three muscles: Biceps brachii
The posterior compartment of the arm contains one muscle
which is the _________. Triceps brachii
The Triceps brachii has three heads: the long head
the lateral head
The muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm are primarily responsible for ________ and the posterior compartment is responsible for _________. flexion
extension
The Biceps brachii
Brachialis
The Biceps Brachii has its long head originating from the _____ and the short head from the _____. supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
coracoid process of scapula
The insertion point of the Biceps Brachii is the _____ and it is innervated by the _____. radial tuberosity
musculocutaneous nerve
The primary action of the Biceps Brachii includes supinating the forearm and flexing the elbow when the forearm is _____. supinated
The Biceps Brachii is responsible for two main actions: supination of the forearm and _____ of the elbow joint when the forearm is supinated. flexion
The coracobrachialis muscle originates from the ____ and inserts on the ____ surface of the middle humerus. coracoid process of scapula
medial
The action of the coracobrachialis muscle is to ____ and ____ the humerus at the glenohumeral joint. flexes
adducts
The brachialis muscle originates from the ____ half of the anterior humerus and inserts on the ____ tuberosity. distal
ulnar
The innervation of both the coracobrachialis and brachialis muscles is provided by the ____ nerve. musculocutaneous
The Triceps Brachii has three heads: the long head originates from the _____ and the lateral head from the _____. infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
posterolateral surface of humerus
The Triceps Brachii inserts at the _____ and is innervated by the _____. olecranon process of ulna
radial nerve
The action of the Triceps Brachii includes extending the forearm at the elbow and acting as a shoulder _____. extensor
The medial head of the Triceps Brachii originates from the _____ surface of the humerus
while the long head originates from the _____. posteromedial
The Triceps Brachii is innervated by the _____ nerve and is responsible for extending the forearm at the _____. radial
elbow
The four main nerves that pass through the arm are the Musculocutaneous
_____
The Median and Ulnar nerves have _____ branches in the arm
while the Musculocutaneous nerve arises from the _____ cord. no
The Musculocutaneous nerve innervates all three muscles and emerges lateral to the _____ brachii as the _____ cutaneous nerve of the forearm. biceps
lateral
The Musculocutaneous nerve courses distally between _____ and _____
after piercing the coracobrachialis. brachialis
The Musculocutaneous nerve is considered pure sensory at the point it emerges as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the _____
after innervating muscles. forearm
The radial nerve supplies all muscles in the _____ compartment of the arm and _____ compartment of the forearm. posterior
forearm
The radial nerve descends along with the deep brachial artery in the _____ interval and through the radial groove on the shaft of the _____. triangular
humerus
The axillary nerve is in direct contact with the surgical neck of the _____
while the radial nerve is in contact with the radial _____. humerus
The median nerve is associated with the distal end of the humerus
while the ulnar nerve is associated with the _____ epicondyle and the radial nerve with the _____ epicondyle. medial
Injury to the radial nerve can occur at the radial groove on the shaft of the _____
while the axillary nerve is affected at the surgical _____. humerus
The deep veins of the arm include the radial vein
ulnar vein
In the cubital fossa
the lateral boundary is formed by the _____ muscle
The roof of the cubital fossa consists of skin
superficial fascia
The boundaries of the cubital fossa include an imaginary line between the two _____ as the superior boundary and the _____ muscle as the medial boundary. epicondyles
pronator teres
The deep dorsal and palmar venous arches are part of the _____ system in the arm
which also includes the subclavian _____ and axillary veins. venous
