Neuro Flashcards
The nervous system is divided into ____ and ____ divisions based on structure and function. structural
functional
A neuron
nerve
The dorsal root ganglion and sympathetic chain ganglion are examples of ____ in the nervous system
while a dermatome refers to ____ of skin. ganglia
In comparing the central and peripheral nervous systems
the central nervous system includes the ____ and ____ while the peripheral nervous system consists of ____ and ____ nerves. brain
The axon and dendrite are both parts of a ____; the axon transmits signals while the dendrite ____ them. neuron
receives
Somatic innervation is responsible for ____ movement
while autonomic innervation controls ____ functions. voluntary
Afferent innervation carries signals ____ the central nervous system
while efferent innervation carries signals ____ from it. toward
Dorsal roots carry sensory information
while ventral roots carry ____ information to the muscles. motor
Spinal nerves are formed by the merging of ____ and ____ roots
connecting the spinal cord to the body. dorsal
The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are part of the ____ nervous system
regulating the body’s ____ response. autonomic
The nervous system enables the body to react to continuous changes in ____ and ____ environments. internal
external
The two main divisions of the nervous system are the ____ nervous system and the ____ nervous system. Central
Peripheral
The nervous system controls and integrates the body’s ____ and ____ activities. functions
responses
Neuroanatomy is a field of study that focuses on the organization of the ____ and ____ nervous systems. Central
Peripheral
The functions of the nervous system include enabling reactions to changes in the ____ and ____ environments. internal
external
The nervous system can be organized structurally into the ____ and ____ nervous systems. Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Functionally
the nervous system is divided into the ____ and ____ nervous systems. Somatic Nervous System
The Central Nervous System (CNS) includes the ____ and ____ while the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) connects them to the rest of the body. brain
spinal cord
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) regulates involuntary functions such as ____ and ____. heart rate
digestion
The Somatic Nervous System (SNS) is responsible for ____ movements and ____ sensations. voluntary
sensory
In neuroanatomy
the organization of the nervous system can be approached from both ____ and ____ perspectives. structural
The brain is divided into four main lobes: Frontal
Parietal
The Frontal lobe is responsible for higher mental processes such as _____ and decision making. thinking
The Parietal lobe primarily processes _____ information and sensory data. sensory
The Occipital lobe is crucial for processing _____ information. visual
The Temporal lobe is involved in processing _____ information. auditory
In neuroanatomy
the Frontal lobe is associated with _____ and planning
The Central Nervous System is protected by ____ and ____. skeletal elements
vertebrae
The brain stem consists of the ____ and the ____ and the ____. midbrain
pons
The spinal cord connects to the brain stem at the ____ and extends down to the ____. medulla
vertebrae
The protective structures of the Central Nervous System include the ____ and the ____. skull
vertebrae
The spinal cord is part of the ____ and is well protected by the ____ and ____. CNS
vertebrae
The spinal cord is surrounded by ____ which includes the ____ and ____ for protection. meninges
vertebrae
In neuroanatomy
the spinal cord is classified as part of the ____ and is protected by ____ and ____. CNS
The anatomical structures that protect the spinal cord include the ____ and the ____ as well as the ____. vertebrae
meninges
The spinal cord is located within the ____ and is shielded by the ____ and ____ for safety. CNS
vertebrae
The spinal cord is part of the _____ and is responsible for _____ information. CNS
ascending and descending
In neuroanatomy
the spinal cord has a _____ arrangement and consists of _____ tracts. segmental
The spinal cord transmits _____ information from the body to the brain and _____ information from the brain to the body. ascending
descending
Neuroanatomy studies the structure of the _____
including the _____ of the spinal cord. nervous system
The spinal cord is divided into segments
which are responsible for _____ and _____ functions. motor
In the context of neuroanatomy
the spinal cord is crucial for _____ communication and _____ reflexes. neural
The spinal cord is part of the ____ and is well protected by the ____
____
The spinal nerve emerges from between two adjacent ____ and is part of the ____ system. vertebrae
PNS
The spinal cord is well protected by the ____ and ____ surrounding it. vertebrae
meninges
In neuroanatomy
the spinal cord is classified as part of the ____ and is surrounded by ____ for protection. CNS
The spinal cord is protected by the vertebrae and the ____
which are layers of protective tissue. meninges
The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the ____ and ____. brain
spinal cord
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is organized into ____ that connect the CNS with ____ structures. nerves
peripheral
The Somatic Nervous System (SNS) is part of the ____ Nervous System
while the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is part of the ____ Nervous System. Peripheral
The PNS consists of nerve fibers and cell bodies that are located ____ the CNS and conduct impulses ____ the CNS. outside
to or away from
The PNS includes both the Somatic Nervous System (SNS) and the ____ Nervous System (ANS). Autonomic
A neuron consists of a cell body
dendrites
Neurons are specialized for rapid communication
while ____ are support cells known as ____. neuroglia
The two main types of cells in neuroanatomy are ____ and neuroglia
which serve different ____ in the nervous system. neurons
In neuroanatomy
the processes of a neuron include ____ and an axon
The cell body of a neuron contains the nucleus
while the ____ and axon are responsible for ____ communication. dendrites
A neuron consists of a cell body
dendrites
The components of a nerve fiber include an axon and its ____ which provide ____ to the axon. coverings
protection
In neuroanatomy
the processes extending from a neuron are called ____ and they are responsible for ____ signals. dendrites
The main function of the axon in a neuron is to carry impulses ____ from the cell body
while dendrites carry impulses ____ the cell body. away
The spinal nerve emerges from between two adjacent ____ and is part of the ____. vertebrae
PNS
The spinal cord is protected by the ____
____
In neuroanatomy
the spinal cord is classified as part of the ____ while the spinal nerve is part of the ____. CNS
The spinal cord is surrounded by the ____
which includes the ____
Some nerve fibers carry ____ information to ____ or gland. motor
muscle
Other nerve fibers carry ____ information from ____ organ. sensory
receptor
Spinal nerves convey ____ and ____ information. sensory
motor
Motor information is carried by nerve fibers to ____ or ____. muscle
gland
Sensory information is carried by nerve fibers from ____ organ to the ____ system. receptor
nervous
Some nerve fibers carry _____ information to _____ or gland. motor
muscle
Other nerve fibers carry _____ information from _____ organ. sensory
receptor
Spinal nerves convey _____ and _____ information. sensory
motor
Motor information is carried by nerve fibers to _____ or _____. muscle
gland
Sensory information is carried by nerve fibers from _____ organ to the _____ system. receptor
nervous
The anatomical sciences at Temple University include the study of _____ and _____ information in spinal nerves. sensory
motor
In neuroanatomy
the T5 spinal nerves are responsible for conveying _____ and _____ information. sensory
The nervous system is organized into two main structural components: the ____ and the ____. Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Motor information is carried by nerve fibers to the ____ or ____ while sensory information is carried from the ____ organ. muscle
gland
The two functional divisions of the nervous system are the ____ Nervous System and the ____ Nervous System. Somatic
Autonomic
In neuroanatomy
the Central Nervous System includes the brain and ____ while the Peripheral Nervous System includes all other ____ fibers. spinal cord
The Autonomic Nervous System is responsible for regulating ____ functions
while the Somatic Nervous System controls ____ movements. involuntary
Sensory information is transmitted from the receptor organ to the ____ Nervous System
while motor information is sent from the CNS to the ____ or gland. Central
The Somatic Nervous System (SNS) is composed of the somatic parts of the ____ and ____. CNS
PNS
The SNS provides sensory and motor innervation to all parts of the body
except for ____
In Greek
the term ‘Soma’ refers to the ____
The Somatic Nervous System does NOT innervate the ____ found in body cavities. Viscera
The SNS is responsible for innervating all parts of the body except for ____ muscle and ____. Smooth
Glands
The somatic sensory system transmits sensations of _____
_____
The impulses of the somatic sensory system enter the spinal cord via the _____ root. dorsal
The somatic motor system innervates only _____ muscle and stimulates _____ and reflexive movement. skeletal
voluntary
Impulses exit the spinal cord via the _____ root in the somatic motor system. ventral
In Greek
‘soma’ means _____. The somatic sensory system is responsible for transmitting sensations of _____ and temperature. body
In neuroanatomy
the ____ nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements
The Central Nervous System (CNS) includes the ____ and ____ while the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) connects the CNS to the rest of the body. brain
spinal cord
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is part of the ____ organization of the nervous system
while the Somatic Nervous System (SNS) is part of the ____ organization. functional
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is responsible for stimulating ____ muscle and ____ cells. smooth
glandular
In the ANS
the presynaptic neuron has its cell body located in the ____ while the postsynaptic neuron has its cell body located ____ the CNS. CNS
The ANS is a ____-neuron system that includes presynaptic and ____ neurons. 2
postsynaptic
The motor fibers of the ANS stimulate ____ muscle
modified ____ muscle
The visceral nervous system is also known as the ____ Nervous System (ANS) and it primarily controls ____ functions. Autonomic
involuntary
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is organized into two divisions: the _____ and the _____. Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
The primary function of the Sympathetic division is _____ and the primary function of the Parasympathetic division is _____. Blood vessel regulation
Maintain homeostasis
The Sympathetic division is often referred to as the _____ response
while the Parasympathetic division is known for the _____ response. Fight or flight
The ANS is responsible for the _____ nervous system and includes the _____ and Parasympathetic divisions. visceral
Sympathetic
In the context of the ANS
the term ‘homeostasis’ is primarily associated with the _____ division
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is also known as the ____ and is responsible for ____ functions. visceral nervous system
involuntary
The Sympathetic Division of the ANS has a thoracolumbar origin and utilizes a ____ system with ____ neurons. 2-neuron
presynaptic and postsynaptic
In the Sympathetic Division
the presynaptic cell bodies are located in the ____ of the spinal cord
The two types of neurons in the Sympathetic Division are presynaptic and ____ neurons
which play distinct roles in the ____ system. postsynaptic
The presynaptic neurons of the Sympathetic Division originate in the ____ matter of the spinal cord
specifically in the ____ region. gray
The Sympathetic Division of the ANS has a thoracolumbar origin and consists of a ____ system with ____ neurons. 2-neuron
presynaptic and postsynaptic
The Sympathetic trunk is also referred to as the ____ and is part of the ____ nervous system. sympathetic chain
autonomic
The two types of neurons in the Sympathetic Division are presynaptic and ____; the latter has cell bodies in the ____ chain ganglia. postsynaptic
sympathetic
The presynaptic neurons of the Sympathetic Division originate from the ____ region of the spinal cord
specifically in the ____ matter. thoracolumbar
In the Sympathetic Division
the presynaptic cell bodies are located in the ____ of the spinal cord and the postsynaptic cell bodies are found in the ____ chain ganglia. gray matter
The two types of neurons in the Sympathetic Division are presynaptic and ____ neurons
which play a role in the ____ nervous system. postsynaptic
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is divided into the ____ and ____ divisions. Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
The primary function of the Sympathetic Division is to regulate ____ and initiate the ____ response. blood vessels
fight or flight
The Parasympathetic Division is responsible for maintaining ____ and promoting the ____ response. homeostasis
rest and digest
The ANS is also known as the ____ nervous system and is crucial for ____ functions. visceral
involuntary
The Sympathetic Division’s main role includes blood vessel regulation and the ____ response
while the Parasympathetic Division focuses on ____ and digest. fight or flight
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) includes the ____ and ____ divisions. Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
The Parasympathetic Division of the ANS has its craniosacral origin in the ____ and ____ spinal cord. brainstem
sacral
In the ANS
the presynaptic neuron has cell bodies located in the ____ or ____ spinal cord. brainstem
The postsynaptic neuron in the ANS has cell bodies located at the ____ organ. effector
The ANS is also known as the ____ nervous system. visceral
At Temple University
W. Robinson teaches about the organization of the ____ system and its ____ aspects. nervous
Understanding the nervous system involves learning about its ____ and the various ____ it controls. organization
functions
In neuroanatomy
the focus is on the ____ of the nervous system and how it relates to ____ health. structure
The nervous system can be organized into different parts
including the ____ and the ____ nervous systems. central
Anatomical sciences include the study of the nervous system’s ____ and its role in ____ processes. anatomy
physiological
