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Exam 3 AS > Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

The posterior triangle of the neck is bordered by the ____ muscle

A

the ____ muscle

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2
Q

The axilla contains important structures such as the axillary artery and the ____ plexus

A

which is crucial for ____ movement. brachial

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3
Q

The brachial plexus is formed by the ventral rami of spinal nerves C5 to ____ and is responsible for innervating the ____ and upper limb. T1

A

shoulder

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4
Q

In the context of medical education

A

the posterior triangle of the neck is significant for understanding the anatomy of the ____ and its relation to the ____ plexus. nerves

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5
Q

The axilla serves as a passageway for nerves and blood vessels

A

including the ____ artery and the ____ plexus. subclavian

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6
Q

The sternocleidomastoid muscle is a key landmark in the posterior triangle of the neck

A

separating it from the ____ triangle. anterior

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7
Q

The posterior triangle is bounded by the ____ muscle

A

the ____ muscle

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8
Q

The scalene interval is located between the ____ and ____ scalene muscles. anterior

A

middle

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9
Q

Scalene interval syndrome can compress structures such as the ____ and ____ nerves. brachial plexus

A

subclavian artery

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10
Q

The sternocleidomastoid muscle is innervated by the ____ nerve and attaches to the ____ and ____. accessory

A

sternum

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11
Q

To evaluate the pulse of the subclavian artery

A

one must locate it beneath the ____ and above the ____ muscle. clavicle

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12
Q

The brachial plexus is formed from the roots of spinal nerves ____ to ____. C5

A

T1

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13
Q

The phrenic nerve is composed of fibers from spinal segments ____ and is responsible for ____. C3

A

C4

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14
Q

The axilla is bounded by the ____ muscle

A

the ____ muscle

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15
Q

The axillary lymph nodes drain lymph from the ____ and ____ regions. upper limb

A

breast

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16
Q

The brachial plexus can be drawn from its origins through the ____ and ____ nerves. terminal

A

preterminal

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17
Q

The spinal cord segments contributing to the brachial plexus include ____ to ____ and also to the terminal nerves. C5

A

T1

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18
Q

The superior boundaries of the neck include the _____ and the _____ skull. mandible

A

posterior

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19
Q

The inferior boundaries of the neck are the _____ and the _____ shoulders. thorax

A

shoulders

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20
Q

The boundaries of the posterior triangle include the middle 1/3 of the _____

A

the anterior margin of the _____

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21
Q

The posterior triangle of the neck is defined by the _____ margin of the trapezius and the _____ margin of the sternocleidomastoid. anterior

A

posterior

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22
Q

The neck is bounded superiorly by the mandible and _____

A

and inferiorly by the thorax and _____ . posterior skull

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23
Q

The posterior triangle of the neck includes the middle 1/3 of the clavicle

A

the anterior margin of _____

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24
Q

The roof of the posterior triangle is formed by the ____ and ____ layers. skin

A

superficial fascia

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25
Q

The muscles that form the floor of the posterior triangle include the ____ and ____ scalene muscles. middle

A

posterior

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26
Q

The investing layer of deep cervical fascia covers the ____ muscle

A

which is responsible for facial expression. platysma

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27
Q

The posterior triangle includes the ____ and ____ scalene muscles along with the levator scapulae. anterior

A

middle

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28
Q

The posterior triangle is bounded by the ____ layer of deep cervical fascia on its floor. prevertebral

A
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29
Q

The posterior triangle contains the cutaneous nerves of the cervical plexus and the ____ nerve

A

which is important for neck movement. Accessory

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30
Q

In the posterior triangle

A

the external jugular vein and the ____ artery are significant vessels that are present. subclavian

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31
Q

The posterior triangle is related to the upper limb because it conveys the ____ plexus and subclavian ____. brachial

A

vessels

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32
Q

The posterior triangle includes the phrenic nerve and the ____ plexus rami and trunks

A

which are essential for upper limb function. brachial

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33
Q

Numerous structures emerge from the posterior triangle

A

including the subclavian vein and the ____ nerve. phrenic

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34
Q

The cervical plexus is formed by the ventral rami of ____ to ____. C1

A

C4

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35
Q

The cervical plexus consists of cutaneous branches and ____ branches. muscular

A
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36
Q

The cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus include the lesser occipital nerve and the ____ nerve. greater auricular

A
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37
Q

In the posterior triangle

A

the cutaneous branches emerge from beneath the ____ muscle. sternocleidomastoid

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38
Q

The cervical plexus includes the transverse cervical nerve and the ____ nerves. supraclavicular

A
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39
Q

The ____ joint connects the sternum and clavicle

A

while the omohyoid muscle is located in the ____ region. sternoclavicular

40
Q

The phrenic nerve provides motor innervation to the ____ and sensory innervation to the ____ area of the diaphragm. diaphragm

A

central

41
Q

A bilateral lesion of the phrenic nerves can lead to ____ in breathing and may cause ____ pain. difficulty

A

referred

42
Q

To remove a section of the clavicle

A

you should use a ____ and cut the omohyoid muscle with ____ scissors. saw

43
Q

The sensory fibers of the phrenic nerve enter the same ____ spinal cord segment as the diaphragm

A

leading to referred pain in the ____ area. C4

44
Q

The scalene triangle is bounded anteriorly by the _____ muscle and posteriorly by the _____ and _____ muscles. anterior scalene

A

middle scalene

45
Q

The inferior boundary of the scalene triangle is the _____ rib

A

which is crucial for understanding its anatomy. first

46
Q

The major network of nerves that supplies the upper limb is known as the _____ _____

A

which is formed by the roots C5 to T1. brachial plexus

47
Q

The roots of the brachial plexus are derived from the ventral rami of spinal nerves _____ to _____. C5

A

T1

48
Q

To remember the roots of the brachial plexus

A

use the mnemonic ‘Remember To Drink Cold _____.’ Beverage

49
Q

The subclavian artery is evaluated by palpating downward ____ to the clavicle to compress the artery against the ____ rib. posterior

A

first

50
Q

When the subclavian artery crosses the lateral border of the first rib

A

it changes its name to the ____ artery. axillary

51
Q

The most proximal pulse point for evaluating arterial sufficiency in the upper limb is the ____ artery. subclavian

A
52
Q

To assess the subclavian pulse

A

one must compress the artery against the ____ rib

53
Q

Scalene Interval Syndrome can be caused by anything that narrows the scalene interval

A

such as a _____ or _____ muscle slip. cervical rib

54
Q

Compression of the subclavian artery in Scalene Interval Syndrome leads to insufficient blood flow to the _____ and reduced _____ distal to occlusion. upper extremity

A

arterial pulses

55
Q

Nerve compression in Scalene Interval Syndrome usually involves the _____ & _____ ventral rami or the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus. C8

A

T1

56
Q

In Scalene Interval Syndrome

A

the compression of the subclavian artery can result in _____ blood flow and _____ pulses. insufficient

57
Q

The causes of Scalene Interval Syndrome include fibrous bands

A

a cervical rib

58
Q

The subclavian artery is located ____ to the anterior scalene muscle

A

while the subclavian vein is ____ to it. posterior

59
Q

The axilla is described as a ____-shaped space located between the upper arm and the ____ of the chest. pyramid

A

side

60
Q

The major nerves

A

lymphatics

61
Q

The phrenic nerve originates from spinal levels ____ and is found on the ____ surface of the anterior scalene. C3

A

4

62
Q

The axillary artery and axillary vein are located in the ____ and are surrounded by ____ for protection. axilla

A

fat

63
Q

The three trunks of the brachial plexus are found in the ____ and are essential for ____ communication. axilla

A

nerve

64
Q

The apex of the axilla is formed by the clavicle

A

upper border of the scapula

65
Q

The base of the axilla consists of the skin and _____ of the armpit. fascia

A
66
Q

The anterior wall of the axilla includes the pectoralis major

A

pectoralis minor

67
Q

The posterior wall of the axilla is made up of teres major

A

latissimus dorsi

68
Q

The medial wall of the axilla is formed by the upper portion of the thoracic wall and the _____ anterior. serratus

A
69
Q

The lateral wall of the axilla is represented by the intertubercular sulcus of the _____. humerus

A
70
Q

The axillary artery changes its name to _____ after crossing the outer border of the _____ rib. brachial artery

A

1st

71
Q

The axillary artery is a continuation of the _____ artery and becomes the _____ artery at the lower border of teres major. subclavian

A

brachial

72
Q

The contents of the axilla include the axillary artery

A

axillary vein

73
Q

The axillary vein receives tributaries from the axillary artery and the _____ plexus. brachial

A
74
Q

The axillary artery is located in the _____ and changes its name at the lower border of the teres major muscle. axilla

A
75
Q

The axillary artery is divided into ____ parts

A

which are separated by the ____ minor. 3

76
Q

Part 1 of the axillary artery gives off ____ branch

A

known as the ____ thoracic artery. 1

77
Q

Part 2 of the axillary artery has ____ branches

A

including the thoracoacromial trunk and the ____ thoracic artery. 2

78
Q

The third part of the axillary artery gives off ____ branches

A

which include the subscapular artery and both the anterior and ____ circumflex humeral arteries. 3

79
Q

The axillary vein is formed at the lower border of ____ by the joining of the ____ and the basilic vein. teres major

A

brachial veins

80
Q

The axillary vein changes its name to the subclavian vein at the outer border of the ____ rib. 1st

A
81
Q

The brachial plexus is a nerve plexus that supplies both ____ and ____ function to a common anatomical region. motor

A

sensory

82
Q

The axillary vein accompanies the axillary ____ through the axilla. artery

A
83
Q

Nerve fibers from two or more spinal segments intermingle in the ____ plexus. brachial

A
84
Q

The brachial plexus is formed by the ventral rami of spinal nerves C5

A

C6

85
Q

The trunks of the brachial plexus are formed from the ventral rami of which spinal nerves: C5

A

C6

86
Q

Each trunk of the brachial plexus distributes fibers to an anterior division and a _____ division. posterior

A
87
Q

The ventral rami that contribute to the brachial plexus include C5

A

C6

88
Q

The brachial plexus consists of trunks

A

divisions

89
Q

The anterior and posterior divisions of the brachial plexus are formed from the _____ of the trunks. fibers

A
90
Q

The brachial plexus is formed by the trunks of ____ and ____ which are made up of ventral rami from spinal nerves. C5

A

C6

91
Q

The cords of the brachial plexus are named based on their position relative to the ____ artery and include the ____ and ____ cords. axillary

A

lateral

92
Q

The brachial plexus consists of trunks

A

divisions

93
Q

The anterior divisions of the brachial plexus contribute to the formation of the ____ and ____ cords. lateral

A

medial

94
Q

The cords of the brachial plexus terminate into several major nerves including the ____ and ____ nerves. median

A

ulnar

95
Q

The brachial plexus is crucial for the innervation of the upper limb

A

with its roots originating from spinal nerves ____ to ____. C5

Exam 3 AS (8 decks)

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