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Anatomy > Upper limb > Flashcards

Upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main bones in the lower arm and hand?

A

Radius, Ulna, 8 carpal bones, 5 metacarpal bones, 14 phalanges.

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2
Q

How many carpal bones are there?

A

8

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3
Q

How many metacarpal bones are there?

A

5

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4
Q

How many phalanges are there?

A

14

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5
Q

What is the singular name for phalanges?

A

Phalanx

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6
Q

What are the names of the carpal bones?

A

Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
Triquetral
Pisiform
Lunate
Scaphoid

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7
Q

What are the bone features of the elbow?

A
  • Medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus
  • Olecranon process of the ulna
  • Head of radius
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8
Q

What are bone features of the wrist and hand?

A

. Ulnar head
• Radial styloid process
• Triquetral bone and pisiform bone (ulnar side and palmar)
• Trapezium and Scaphoid (radial side and palmar)
NOTE: A hand, placed with a relaxed wrist palm down on a table will contact the surface by
means of the tubercle of the scaphoid and the pisiform bones
• The position of the heads and bases of the 5 metacarpal bone

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9
Q

What is the muscles where the body of this muscle forms the fleshy border of the anterior aspect of the lower arm?

A

Brachioradialis

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10
Q

Where is the Brachioradialis?

A
  • the body of this muscle forms the fleshy border of the anterior aspect of the lower arm
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11
Q

What is the Origin, Insertion and Action of the Brachioradialis?

A

O: lower lateral humerus
I: radial styloid at the wrist (lies very deep)
A: flexes the forearm

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12
Q

What muscles is also know as an elbow flexor?

A

Brachialis (upper arm)

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13
Q

What is the muscle where the body of this muscle lies behind the biceps brachii and the biceps tendon in the distal part of the upper arm?

A

Brachialis

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14
Q

Where is the Brachialis?

A

the body of this muscle lies behind the biceps brachii and the biceps tendon in the distal part of the upper arm

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15
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Brachialis?

A

O: distal half of humerus
I: coronoid process of ulna
A: flexes the elbow

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16
Q

What forms the most radial tendon on the anterior aspect of the wrist?

A

Flexor Carpi Radialis

17
Q

What 2 points are relevant to Flexor Carpi Radialis?

A

Both Pc 7 and Lu 9 lie just radial to this tendon.

18
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus
I: bases of MCs 2 and 3 (travelling close to scaphoid in palm)
A: flexes and abducts the radial side of the wrist joint

19
Q

What forms the most ulnar tendon on the anterior aspect of the wrist?

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

20
Q

What tendon is just ulnar to He 4, 5, 6 and 7?

A

Flexor carpi Ulnaris

21
Q

What channel runs between the body of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and the ulna bone?

A

Small Intestine (SI) channel

22
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the flexor carpi Ulnaris?

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: pisiform bone
A: flexes the ulnar side of the wrist joint (so
enabling the hand to move in an ulnar
direction

23
Q

What tendon is absent in 10% of people?

A

Palmaris Longus

24
Q

Where should you palpate for palmaris longus?

A

At the proximal wrist crease

25
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the palmaris longus

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: fascia of the palm (flexor retinaculum)
A: flexes the wrist

26
Q

What muscles make up the anatomical snuffbox?

A
  • abductor Pollicis Longus
  • Extensor Pollicis Longus
  • Extensor Pollicis Bravis
27
Q

What point lies in the Anatomical Snuffbox?

A

LI 5

28
Q

What’s the origin, insertion and action of the Abductor Pollicis Longus?

A

O: posterior surface of
proximal half of radius and ulna
I: base of 1st MC bone
A: abducts and extends the
thumb

29
Q

What the origin, insertion and action of the extensor Pollicis Longus?

A

O: dorsal aspect of ulna
I: base of distal phalanx of
thumb
A: extends the thumb

30
Q

What the origin, insertion and action of the extensor Pollicis Brevis

A

O: exterior aspect of the
radius and ulna
I: base of proximal phalanx
of thumb
A: extends the thumb

31
Q

What’s the origin, insertion and action of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 5th MC
A: extends the ulnar side of the wrist joint (so enabling the hand to
move laterally in an ulnar direction) Important for making a fist

32
Q

What is the arch of the carpal tunnel is held in position by a tough fibrous band on the palmar aspect of the wrist
called?

A

retinaculum

33
Q

Where is the cubical fossa?

A

this is the anterior aspect of the elbow and is bounded by the
flexors of the lower arm, the medial border of brachioradialis and the biceps tendon.

34
Q

What is the artery of the upper arm?

A

brachial artery

35
Q

What is the muscle which forms the fleshy part of the thenar eminence?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis

36
Q

What muscle in the hand helps to oppose the thumb to the finger tips?

A

Opponens Pollicis

37
Q

What muscle spreads the fingers?

A

Dorsal Interossei

38
Q

What nerves supply the arms are shoulder?

A

C3-T2 spinal nerve roots

39
Q

What are the nerves of the arms?

A

(brachial plexus of nerves) and then lead into three major nerves which supply the arm: the radial nerve, the median nerve, and the ulnar nerve.

Anatomy (6 decks)

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