Upper Limb Flashcards
Mid shaft fracture of the humerus
Radial Nerve Injury
Profundus brachial artery injury
Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus
possible damage to axillary artery &/or posterior circumflex humeral artery
Fracture of the medial epicondyle
Possible ulnar nerve damage
Suprecondalar fracture
Possible damage to the median nerve and brachial artery
Quadrangular space
Boundaries: Teres minor supierior Teres Major inferior Long head of triceps brachii Medial surgical neck of the humerus Lateral
Contents: Axillary nerve, posterior circumflex humeral artery.
Triangular space
Boundaries:
Teres Major Inferior
long head of triceps laterally
Teres Minor superior
Contents:
Scapular circumflex artery and vein
Triangular interval
division in the long and short heads of the triceps
Contents: Radial nerve and deep brachial artery
Shoulder separation
Rupture of the acromioclavicular ligament &/or the coricoclavicular ligament
Shoulder dislocation
displacement of the head of the humerus from the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
Anterior/inferior most common
can result in damage to the axillary nerve, suprascapular nerve &/or suprascapular artery
Branches of the median nerve
Anterior interosseous innervates the forearm
Recurrent branch of the median innervates the thenar region
Branches of the ulnar nerve
Deep branch of the ulnar supplies the digiti minimi muscles
Branches of the radial nerve
Deep branch of the Radial innervates the extensor carpi radialis brevis and supinator
Posterior interosseous branch innervates the extensors pollicus, digitorum, minimi, and indicis
Colles fracture
fracture of the distal radius with doral displacement of the wrist
Bennett’s fracture
a fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone which extends into the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint.
Most common in the thumb
Smith’s Fracture
Reverse Colles’ fracture
Boxer’s fracture
fracture of the 4th and/or 5th transverse neck of the metacarpal bone secondary to an indirect force
Trochoid Joint
Pivot joint Ex: radius and ulna
Ginglymus Joint
hinge like joint Ex: elbow and knee
Divisions and branches of the Axillary artery
First division:
Supirior thoracic artery
Second Division: Thoracoacromial artery ( Pectoral, Acromial, Clavicular, Deltoid branches)
Lateral thoracic artery
Third Division: Subscapular artery (Circumflex scapular, Thoracodorsal branches),
Posterior circumflex humeral artery,
Anterior circumflex humeral artery
Shoulder Collateral Circuits
Circumflex scapular artery (from subscapular artery) with Dorsal Scapular artery (from Subclavian) as well as Suprascapular artery (from thyrocirvical trunk of subclavian artery)
Rotator Cuff Muscles
Supraspinatus - abduction
Infraspinatus - Lateral rotation
Teres Minor - Lateral rotation
Subscapularis - Medial rotation
Cubital Fossa
Contents:
Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (from musculocutaneous nerve)
Tendon of the biceps
Brachial Artery
Median Nerve
Branches of the Brachial Artery
Deep Brachial (Radial and middle collateral branches)
Supirior and Inferior Ulnar Collateral arteries
Post cubital fossa it bifurcates into: Radial artery (radial recurrent, posterior interosseus branches)
Ulnar artery (anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent and common interosseus branches)
Nursemaids Elbow
subluxation of the radial head
