Upper HL Flashcards
OCD of the stifle is common in what breed and age horses?
Warmbloods
6 months-4 years
Where is OCD of the stifle most common?
Lateral trochlear ridge
What are the treatment options for OCD of the stifle?
Conservative if horse <1 y/o - fragment may reattach
Surgery if >1, remove fragments and curettage to healthy subchondral bone
When do osseous like cysts/or subchondral bone lesions typically appear?
Slightly older than OCD
1-3+ years
How can osseous like cysts be treated?
Intra-articular steroids
Intra-cyst steroids under GA
Debride cyst? May worsen - requires packing with graft
Bone screw across cyst
Meniscal and meniscotibial soft tissue injuries are more common medially or laterally?
Medial
How are stifle soft tissue injuries treated?
Rest and pain relief
Osteoarthritis of the stifle is unforgiving and can include mineralisation of the mensicus. How are these treated?
Palliative
NSAIDs, intra-articular medication
How are patellar fractures managed?
Internal fixation
Or surgical removal if <1/3
How are fractures of the tibial tuberosity treated?
Conservative management
Care not to misdiagnose with growth plate
How are complete fractures of the femur or tibia treated?
Euthanasia
A horse presents with a HL of very straight conformation, locked in extension and dragging, causing dorsal toe wearing. What is your most likely diagnosis?
Upward fixation of the patellar
How is upward fixation o the patellar treated?
Conservative - exercise, build up muscle
Surgical - splitting or injecting medial patellar ligament (medial patellar desmotomy)
Which breeds are most prone to coxofemoral subluaxation?
Miniature breeds
Apart from radiography and scintigraphy, how can pelvic fractures be effectively diagnosed?
Pelvic ultrasound
