Upper GI Anatomy

Question 1

alveolar bone

Answer 1

part of mandible that supports teeth

Question 2

two projetions of mandibular ramus

Answer 2

condyle in posterior, part of TMJ

coronoid process anterior

Question 3

contents of mandibular forament

Answer 3

inferior alveolar nerve from V3, innervates teeth

Question 4

mental foramen

Answer 4

anterior of mandible, passage of mental nerve branch of IAN

Question 5

3 surfaces of TMJ

Answer 5

condyle, articular tubercle of temporal, mandibular fossa of temporal

also has articular disk

Question 6

contrast upper synovial and lower synovial TMJ cavities

Answer 6

upper: gliding movements, protrusion and retrusion
lower: rotational, elevation and depression

Question 7

4 muscles of mastication, innervation

Answer 7

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

all from mandibular division of V3

Question 8

role of lateral pterygoid

Answer 8

required for opening of mouth! pull manible and disk forward, allows suprahyoids then to open mouth fully

Question 9

parotid gland

Answer 9

largest salivary gland, drains into stensons parotid duct- passes superficial to masseter then pierces buccinator

Question 10

relationship of CN7 to parotid gland

Answer 10

exits skull at stylomastoid foramen and divides w/i parotid into 5 branches:

1. temporal
2. zygomatic
3. buccal
4. mandibular
5. cervical

“To Zanzibar By Motor Car”

these may pass thru the gland, but innervation comes from CN 9

Question 11

bells palsy

Answer 11

most common form of acute unilateral facial paralysis

usually self resolves, thought to be caused by local viral infections via inflammation of CN7 in facial canal

Question 12

5 contents of infratemporal fossa

Answer 12

1. muscles of mastication
2. TMJ
3. Parotid
4. maxillary artery and branches
5. mandibular division of CN5 and branches

Question 13

.4 key branches of V3 in infratemporal fossa

Answer 13

muscular, lingual (somatic to anterior 2/3 of tongue), IAN, auriculotemporal (sensory to TMJ)

Question 14

5 branches of maxillary artery

Answer 14

1. mandibular
2. pterygoid
3. pterygopalatine
4. middle meningial (ascendds to cranial cavity, rupture cause epidural hematoma)
5. sphenopalatine

Question 15

2 folds of oropharynx

Answer 15

palatoglossal (anterior) and palatopharyngeal (posterior), palatine tonsil sits b/w

Question 16

risk w/ tonsillectomy

Answer 16

lingual branch of CN9 can be injured, disrupt taste/sensation in back 1/3 of tongue

Question 17

suclus terminalis

Answer 17

V line divides anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3

Question 18

foramen secum

Answer 18

foramen on the tongue on sulcus terminalis, marks remnant of origin of thyroid

Question 19

3. extrinsic tongue muscles

Answer 19

1. hyoglossus- from hyoid bone, depresses
2. styloglossus- from styloid process, retracts
3. genioglossus- from mandible, protrudes

Question 20

intrinsic tongue muscles, innervation

Answer 20

attach and insert w/i tongue, alter the shape

ALL tongue muscles intrinsic and extrinsic innervated by CN12

Question 21

damage to CN12 causes…

Answer 21

deviation to SAME side as the damage occured

Question 22

sensory and motor limbs in gag reflex

Answer 22

sensory is CN9, responds to touching back of tongue or oropharynx

motor is CN10 and 9 (motor fibers to stylopharyngeus only)

Question 23

submandibular and sublingual gland innervation

Answer 23

from CN7, as opposed to CN9 in parotid

Question 24

unique about V3 mandibular division of trigeminal

Answer 24

motor AND sensory, unlike V1 and 2 only being sensory