Upper Extremity Osteology Flashcards
UE consists of
shoulder, axillary region, brachium, antebrachium, and manus
greenstick Fx
incomplete Fx of clavicle in younger child due to direct or indirect injury by falling
surgical neck Fx
most common Fx site on humerus
greater tubercle is also susceptible to avulsion by supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor Ms. that insert there
what groove is located on humeral body
groove for radial N. (transmits radial N. and deep brachial A.)
what groove is located on distal humerus
groove for ulnar N. (associated with medial humeral epicondyle)
“funny bone”
avulsion Fx
small chunk of bone attached to tendon or ligament gets pulled away from main part of bone
greater humeral tubercle avulsion Fx
associated with humeral neck Fx
avulsion by supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor Ms.
medial humeral epicondyle avulsion Fx
associated with severe abduction of the extended elbow
avulsion by antebrachial flexor Ms.
olecranon Fx
common fall injury
“fractured elbow”
avulsion by triceps brachii M.
Colle’s Fx
FOOSH
Fx of distal end of radius
styloid process of ulna is often also avulsed in this situation by ulnar collateral ligament
scaphoid Fx
FOOSH
often not visible on radiograph and therefore misdiagnosed as severe sprain
distal fragment is susceptible to avascular necrosis
carpal tunnel anatomy
anterior to the carpal bones
posterior to the flexor retinaculum
transmits the fexor digitorum profundus, superficialis Ms., flexor carpi radialis T., and median N.
carpal tunnel syndrome
swelling of tendons in carpal tunnel causing compression of median N.
ulnar canal (Guyon tunnel) anatomy
between pisiform and hamulus of hamate
transmits ulnar N.
ulnar canal (Guyon tunnel) syndrome
common in bicyclists using upright handlebar grips
compression of ulnar N.
Boxer’s Fx
common result of punching object with closed fist causing head of 5th metacarpal Fx
Fx of distal phalanx
common result of closing fingertips in door
intricate relationship between phalanges and flexor tendon bones makes this a careful recovery
sternoclavicular joint chondrology
articular disc (fibrocartilaginous disc in joint space)
acromioclavicular joint chondrology
articular disc (fibrocartilaginous disc in joint space)
glenoid labrum chondrology
fibrocartilaginous ring that surrounds and deepens glenoid cavity
articular disc of distal radioulnar joint
fibrocartilaginous disc extending between the medial edge of ulnar notch of the radius and the styloid process of the ulna, sometimes called the triangular L.
glenoid labrum tear
common in baseball players
usually due to sudden contraction of biceps brachii M. and occurs in anterosuperior part of labrum
