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MSK Exam 1 > Upper Extremity Neurology > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the Cervical Plexus?

What nerve provides cutaneous innervation to the skin over the Neck and Shoulder? What is it broken up into?

A
  • Anterior Rami C1-C4
  • Supraclavicular N.
    • Lateral Supraclavicular N.
    • Middle Supraclavicular N.
    • Medial Supraclavicular N.
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2
Q

What makes up the Brachial Plexus?

What are the different sections called?

Which sections are Supraclavicular? Which are Infraclavicular?

A
  • Anterior Rami C5-T1
  • Roots –> Trunks –> Divisions –> Cords –> Terminal Branches
  • Supraclavicular: Roots, Trunks, Divisions
  • Infraclavicular: Cords, Terminal Branches
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3
Q

What are the Roots?

Where do they travel between?

What Nerves are produced and what do they innervate?

A

5 Anterior Rami of Spinal Nerves C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

Between Anterior and Middle Scalene Ms. w/ the Subclavian A.

Dorsal Scapular N. (Rhomboid Major, Rhomboid Minor, Levator Scapulae)

Long Thoracic N. (Serratus Anterior)

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4
Q

How do the Superior, Middle, and Inferior Trunks form?

Where do they travel?

What Nerves are produced?

A
  • Superior 2 Roots Converge –> Superior Trunk; Middle Root –> Middle Trunk; Inferior 2 Roots Converge –> Inferior Trunk
  • Over 1st Rib under the Clavicle with Subclavian A.
  • Superior Trunk
    • Suprascapular N. (Supraspinatus & Infraspinatus)
      • Under Transverse Scapular L.
    • Subclavian N. (Subclavius)
  • Middle and Inferior Trunk do not produce any Nerves
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5
Q

How do the Trunks divide into Divisions?

A

Each Trunk divides into Anterior and Posterior Division

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6
Q

What forms the Lateral Cord?

What forms the Medial Cord?

What forms the Posterior Cord?

Which are visible along the Axillary A.?

Which is below the Axillary A.?

A

Superior and Middle Trunks’ Anterior Divisions

Inferior Trunk’s Anterior Division

Superior, Middle, and Inferior Trunks’ Posterior Divisions

Medial and Lateral Cords

Posterior Cords

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7
Q

What is it made up of?

Which Nerves are produced and what is innervated?

A

Anterior Divisions of Superior and Middle Trunk

Lateral Pectoral N. (Pectoralis Major)

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8
Q

What forms the Medial Cord?

What Nerves are produced and what is innervated?

A

Anterior Division of Inferior Trunk

Medial Pectoral N. (Pectoralis Minor and Pectoralis Major)

Medial Brachial Cutaneous N. (Distal 2/3 of Brachium)

Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous N. (Anterior/Medial Aspects of Antebrachium)

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9
Q

What makes up the Posterior Cord?

What nerves are produced and what is innervated?

A

Posterior Divisions of Superior, Middle, and Inferior Trunks

Superior Subscapular N. (Superior Aspect of Subscapularis)

Thoracodorsal N. (Latissimus Dorsi)

Inferior Subscapular N. (Inferior Aspect of Subscapularis)

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10
Q

What branches are produced from Lateral Cord? Medial Cord? Posterior Cord?

A
  • Lateral Cord
    • Musculocutaneous N.
    • Sends fibers to form Median N.
  • Medial Cord
    • Ulnar N.
    • Sends fibers to form Median N.
  • Posterior Cord
    • Axillary N.
    • Radial N.
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11
Q

What terminal branch nerve is formed after the Lateral Cord and what is innervated?

What cutaneous nerve is formed?

A
  • Musculocutaneous N. (Coracobrachialis, Biceps Brachii, and Brachialis)
    • Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous N. (Lateral aspect of Antebrachium - Splits into Anterior/Posterior Branches)
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12
Q

What terminal branch Nerve is formed after the Posterior Cord and travels through the Quadrangular Space?

What else travels in the Quadrangular Space?

What is innervated?

What other cutaneous nerve is produced?

A

Axillary N.

Posterior Humeral Circumflex A.

Detloid M. and Teres Minor M.

Superior Lateral Brachial Cutaneous N. (Superior half of lateral aspect of brachium)

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13
Q

What two Cords make up this nerve that travels through the Brachium with Brachial A., entering Cubital Fossa by passing between heads of Pronator Teres, through Antebrachium between FDP and FDS, through Carpal Tunnel to Central compartment of Palm?

What branches are formed from this Nerve and what do they innervate?

A
  • Medial and Lateral Cords form Median N.
  • Median Nerve (Pronator Teres, Flexor Carpi Radialis, Palmaris Longus, Flexor Digitorum Superficialis)
    • Anterior Interosseous N. (Lateral 1/2 of Flexor Digitorum Profundus, Flexor Pollicis Longus, Pronator Quadratus)
    • Palmar Cutaneous Branch of Median N. (Central Palm)
    • Recurrent Branch of Median N. (Abductor Pollicis, Opponens Pollicis, Superficial Head of Flexor Pollicis Brevis)
    • Medial Branch of Median N. (2nd Lumbrical)
      • Medial 2 Common Palmar Digital Ns.
        • Proper Palmer Digital N. (Medial 2nd, Both 3rd, Lateral 4th)
    • Lateral Branch of Median N. (1st Lumbrical)
      • Lateral 2 Common Palmar Digital Ns.
        • Proper Palmer Digital N. (Both 1st, Lateral 2nd)
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14
Q

What Cord makes up the Ulnar N.

What additional Nerves are created and what do they innervate?

A
  • Medial Cord
  • Ulnar Nerve (Flexor Carpi Ulnaris & Medial 1/2 of Flexor Digitorum Profundus)
    • Dorsal Cutaneous Branch of Ulnar N. (Medial Half of Dorsum of Hand)
      • Dorsal Digital N.
        • Digital Branches of Dorsal Digital Ns.
    • Palmar Cutaneous Branch of Ulnar N. (Distal most anterior antebrachium and Medial 1/3 of Palm)
    • Deep Ulnar N. (Abductor Digiti Minimi, Flexor Digiti Minimi, Opponens Digiti Minimi, 3rd/4th Lumbricals, Dorsal and Palmar Interossei Muscles, Adductor Pollicis, Deep head of Flexor Pollicis Brevis)
    • Superficial Ulnar N.
      • Common Palmar Digital N.
        • Proper Palmar Digital N. (Medial 4th and Both 5th)
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15
Q

What cord makes up the Radial N.?

What are the associated Nerves and what do they innervate?

A
  • Posterior Cord –> Radial N.
  • Radial N. (Triceps Brachii, Anconeus, Brachioradialis, Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus)
    • Posterior Brachial Cutaneous N. (Posterior aspect of Brachium)
    • Posterior Antebrachial Cutaneous N. (Posterior aspect of Antebracium)
      • Inferior Lateral Brachial Cutaneous N. (Inferior aspect of Lateral Brachium)
    • Deep Radial N. (Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, Supinator)
      • Posterior Interosseous N. (Extensor Digitorum, Digiti Minimi, Carpi Ulnaris, Indicis, Pollicis Longus, Pollicis Brevis, and Abductor Pollicis Longus)
    • Superficial Radial N.
      • Dorsal Digital N.
        • Digital Branches of Dorsal Digital Ns. (
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16
Q

Thoracic Spinal Nerves

What lateral cutaneous branch of the 2nd Intercostal N. (T2) travels laterally to provide sensory cutaneous innervation to the uppermost medial aspect of the brachium?

A

Intercostobrachial N.

17
Q

Dermatomes

A

C5 Over Deltoid

C6 Lateral Antebrachium and Hand, including Pollux

C7 Central portion of hand and posterior antebrachium, including 3rd digit

C8 Medial hand and antebrachium, including 5th digit

T1 Medial brachium

T2 Anterior Border of Axilla

MSK Exam 1 (16 decks)

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