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MSK Exam 1 > Upper Extremity Arthrology > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A
  • Sellar Synovial Joint (Articular Disc)
    • Clavicular Notch of Manubrium and Sternal Facet on Sternal End of Clavicle
  • Costoclavicular L. (Sternal End of Clavicle to 1st Rib)
  • Anterior Sternoclavicular L. (Thickened Fibrous Capsule Anterior Aspect)
  • Posterior Sternoclavicular L. (Thickened Fibrous Capsule Posterior Aspect)
  • Interclavicular L. (Sternal End of Clavicle to Contralateral Clavicle)
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2
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A
  • Planar Synovial Joint (Articular Disc)
    • Acromial Facet on Acromial End of Clavicle & Facet on Acromion of Scapula
  • Acromioclavicular L. (Acromion to Clavicle)
  • Coracoclavicular L. (Two bands uniting Coracoid Process and Clavicle)
    • Trapezoid L. (Trapezoid Line to Coracoid Process; Lateral to Conoid L.)
    • Conoid L. (Conoid Tubercle to Coracoid Process; Medial to Trapezoid L.)
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3
Q

Glenohumeral Joint

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

Bursae of GH Joint

A
  • Spheroidal Synovial Joint (Glenoid Labrum)
    • Glenoid Cavity of Scapular Head and Head of Humerus
  • Glenohumeral L. (Glenoid Labrum and Supraglenoid Tubercle to Anatomical Humeral Neck)
  • Coracohumeral L. (Base of Coracoid Process to Anterior Edge of Greater Tubercle of Humerus)
  • Transverse Humeral L. (Greater Humeral Tubercle to Lesser Humeral Tubercule spanning Intertubercular Groove)
  • Coracoacromial Arch
    • Coracoacromial L. (Coracoid Process to Acromion)
  • Subscapular Bursa (Between Subscapularis T. and Scapular Neck)
  • Subacromial Bursa (Between Deltoid M., Suprapinatus T., and Articular Capsule)
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4
Q

Elbow Joint

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

Bursae of the Elbow Joint

A
  • Ginglymus Synovial Joint
    • Humeral Condyle, Trochlear Notch of Ulna and Head of Radius
  • Humeroulnar Joint
    • Trochlear Notch of Ulna around Humeral Trochlea
    • Ulnar Collateral L. of the Elbow (Medial Humeral Epicondyle to Coronoid Process of Ulna and Olecranon)
      • Anterior Band, Posterior Band, Oblique Band
  • Humeroradial Joint
    • Fovea of Radial Head and Humeral Capitulum
    • Radial Collateral L. of the Elbow (Lateral Humeral Epicondyle to blend with Annular L. of Radial Head)
  • Bursae
    • Olecranon Bursae
      • Subtendinous Olecranon Bursa (Triceps Brachii T. and Olecranon)
      • Intratendinous Olecranon Bursa (Inside Triceps Brachii T.)
      • Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursa (Subcutaneous CT over Olecranon)
    • Subcutaneous Bursa of Medial Humeral Epicondyle (Subcutaneous CT over Medial Humeral Epicondyle)
    • Subcutaneous Bursa of Lateral Humeral Epicondyle (Subcutaneous CT over Lateral Humeral Epicondyle)
    • Bursa of Anconeus (Lateral Humeral Epicondyle and Anconeous)
    • Bursa at Origin of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (Lateral Humeral Epicondyle and Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M.)
    • Bicipitoradial Bursa (Biceps Brachii T. and Radial Tuberosity)
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5
Q

Radioulnar Joint

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A
  • Compound Joint (Radius and Ulna)
  • Proximal Radioulnar Joint (Trochoid Synovial) - Primary site of supination/pronation
    • Sacciform Recess (Small pocket of Synovial Membrane protruding out from under Annular L.)
    • Annular L. (Coronoid Process of Ulna around Radial Head to insert back on Ulna, holding Radial Head in Radial Notch)
  • Middle Radioulnar Joint (Syndesmosis)
    • Oblique Cord (Coronoid Process of Ulna and Radial Body)
    • Interosseous Membrane (Length of Ulna and Radius, dividing forearm into Anterior/Posterior compartments)
  • Distal Radioulnar Joint (Trochoid Synovial) - Articular Disc inferiorly at Ulna
    • Head of Ulna and Ulnar Notch of Radius
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6
Q

Radiocarpal Joint

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A
  • Condylar Synovial Joint
    • Distal End of Radius, Articular Disc of Distal Radioulnar Joint, Scaphoid, Lunate, & Triquetrum
  • Palmar Radiocarpal L. (Radius to across Scaphoid to Lunate B.; Radius to Capitate B.)
  • Dorsal Radiocarpal L. (Radius across Lunate to Triquetrum )
  • Palmar Ulnocarpal L. (Ulnar Head to Lunate; Ulnar Head to Triquetrum B.)
  • Dorsal Ulnocarpal L. (Ulnar Head to Triquetrum B.)
  • Radial Collateral L. of the Wrist (Radial Styloid Process to Scaphoid B.)
  • Ulnar Collateral L of the Wrist (Ulnar Styloid Process to Triquetrum B. via Pisiform B.)
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7
Q

Intercarpal Joints

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A
  • Planar Synovial Joints
  • Scapholunate; Lunotriquetrum; Pisotriquetrum; Pisohamate; Trapeziotrapezoid; Trapeziocapitate; Capitohamate
    • Posterior Intercarpal L. (Carpal Bones Posteriorly)
    • Anterior Intercarpal L. (Carpal Bones Anteriorly)
    • Interosseous Intercarpal L. (Joint space between Carpals)
  • Pisiform Joint (Pisiform with anterior surface of Triquetrum)
    • Pisohamate L. (Pisiform and Hook of Hamate)
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8
Q

Midcarpal Joint

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A

Sellar Synovial Joint

Proximal and Distal Rows of Carpal Bones

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9
Q

Carpometacarpal Joints

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A
  • 1st CMC Joint (Sellar Synovial - Trapezium to 1st Metacarpal B.)
    • Palmar Carpometacarpal L. & Dorsal Carpormetacarpal L.
  • 2nd-5th CMC Joints (Planar Synovial - Distal Carpal Row to 2nd-5th Metacarpal B.)
    • Palmar Carpometacarpal L. & Dorsal Carpometacarpal L.
    • Pisometacarpal L. (5th Metacarpal; in junction with Pisohamate L. are the continuation of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris T.)
    • Radiate Carpal L. (Capitate to bases of Metacarpal Bones)
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10
Q

Intermetacarpal Joints (4)

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A

Planar Synovial Joints

Dorsal Intermetacarpal L.

Palmar Intermetacarpal L.

Interosseous Intermetacarpal L. (inside joint space between bases of Metacarpal bones)

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11
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joints (5)

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A

Condylar Synovial Joints

Palmar L. (thickened aspect of Articular Capsule, attachment point for Collateral L., blend with Digital Sheath providing longitudinal groove for Flexor tendons)

Medial Collateral L. of _ MCP Joint

Lateral Collateral L. of _ MCP Joint

Deep Transverse Metacarpal L. (Join Palmar L. of medial 4 Metacarpophalangeal Joints)

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12
Q

1st Interphalangeal Joint

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A

Ginglymus Synovial Joint

Palmer L.

Medial Collateral L.

Lateral Collateral L.

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13
Q

Proximal Interphalangeal Joints (4)

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A

Ginglymus Synovial Joint

2nd-5th Proximal and Intermediate Phalanges

Palmar L.

Medial Collateral L.

Lateral Collateral L.

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14
Q

Distal Interphalangeal Joints (4)

Type of Joint

Bones Involved

Ligaments Involved

A

Ginglymus Synovial Joint

2nd-5th Intermediate and Distal Phalanges

Palmar L.

Medial Collateral L.

Lateral Collateral L.

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15
Q

Shoulder and Axilla Fascia

A
  • Pectoral Fascia
    • Pectoralis Major M., continuous superiorly with Deltoid Fascia, laterally with Axillary Fascia and inferiorly Abdominal Deep Fascia
  • Axillary Fascia
    • Floor of the Axilla, continuous medially with Pectoral Fascia, inferiorly with Clavipectoral Fascia
  • Clavipectoral Fascia
    • Deep to Pectoral Fascia and the Pectoralis Major M., extends inferiorly from the Clavicle to invest the Subclavius and Pectoralis Minor M. before blending with Axillary Fascia
      • Costocoracoid Membrane (Clavipectoral Fascia between the Subclavius M. and Pectoralis Minor M.)
      • Suspensory L. of the Axilla (Clavipectoral Fascia between Pectoralis Minor M. and Axillary Fascia, forms the Axillary Fossa)
  • Deltoid Fascia
    • Deltoid M., continuous anteriorly with Pectoral Fascia and posteriorly with Infraspinous Fascia
  • Supraspinous Fascia
    • Overlying the Supraspinatus M.
  • Infraspinous Fascia
    • Overlying the Infraspinatus M.
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16
Q

Brachium Fascia

A
  • Brachial Fascia
    • Continuous superiorly with Pectoral, Deltoid, Infraspinous and Axillary Fascia, continuous inferiorly with Antebrachial Fascia
    • Covers the musculature of the Brachium
  • Medial Intermuscular Septum
    • Deep surface of Brachial Fascia to the Humerus, distally to the Medial Supraepicondylar Ridge
    • In conjunction with the Lateral Intermuscular Septum separates the Brachium into an Anterior (Flexor) and Posterior (Extensor) compartment)
  • Lateral Intermuscular Septum
    • Extends from the deep surface of Brachial Fascia to the Humerus, distally to the Lateral Supraepicondylar Ridge
17
Q

Antebrachium Fascia

A
  • Antebrachial Fascia (Continuous superiorly with Brachial Fascia; Utilizes the Interosseous Membrane to divide the Antebrachium into an Anterior (Flexor) and Posterior (Extensor) compartment
    • Interosseous Membrane (extends between the bodies for the Ulna and Radius forming the Intermediate Radioulnar Joint)
    • Extensor Retinaculum (transverse focal thickening of Antebrachial Fascia, holds the Extensor tendons in position)
      • Synovial Tendon Sheaths (six Synovial Tendon Sheaths surround the long extensor tendons of the Forearm as they pass under the Extensor Retinaculum to reduce friction)
    • Palmar Carpal L. (corresponding anterior transverse focal thickening of Antebrachial Fascia, continuous with the Extensor Retinaculum)
    • Flexor Retinaculum (Transverse Carpal L.) (deep and distal to the Palmar Carpal L., fibrous band extending from the Tubercles of the Scaphoid and Trapezium across the Carpal Arch to the Hook of the Hamate and Pisiform, forming the Carpal Tunnel)
      • Common Flexor Sheath (one large Synovial Sheath surrounding the long tendons of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis and Profundus M. to reduce friction under the Flexor Retinaculum)
18
Q

Hand Fascia

Compartments of Hands

A
  • Palmar Fascia (continuous proximally with Antebrachial Fascia)
    • Palmar Aponeurosis (thickened central region of Palmar Fascia, continuous proximally with the Palmaris Longus T.)
      • Superficial Transverse Metacarpal L. (base of the Palmar Aponeurosis)
      • Retinacula Cutis (small ligaments extending from the Palmar Aponeurosis to Skin, restricting Palmar Skin movement)
      • Medial Fibrous Septum (extends dorsally to the 5th Metacarpal, separates the Hypothenar Compartment from the Central Compartment)
      • Lateral Fibrous Septum (extends dorsally to the 3rd Metacarpal, separates the Thenar Compartment from the Central Compartment)
  • Dorsal Fascia (deep to subcutaneous Fat on the Dorsum of the Hand)
  • Fibrous Digital Sheaths (distal extensions from the Palmar Aponeurosis, fibrous tubes enclose the Synovial Sheaths of the long flexor tendons, arranged into altering annular and cruciform segments)
    • Digital Synovial Sheaths (Surround long tendons of FDS and FDP M., held in place by Fibrous Digital Sheaths)
  • Compartments of the Hand
    • Hypothenar Compartment
    • Central Compartment (Flexor tendons, Lumbrical muscles, Superficial Palmar Arterial Arch, Digital Vessels and Digital nerves)
    • Thenar Compartment
    • Adductor Compartment (contains the Adductor Pollicis M.)
    • Interosseous Compartment (between the Metacarpal bones, contain the Interossei muscles)

MSK Exam 1 (16 decks)

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