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Anatomy > Upper Extremity Muscles > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis major origin

A
  • clavicular head (ant. surface of sternal 1/2 of clavicle)
  • sternocostal head (ant. surface of sternum and adjacent superior 6
  • aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique
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2
Q

Pectoralis major insertion

A

Common tendon to the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove

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3
Q

Pectoralis major action

A
  • adducts and medially rotates humerus

- acting alone: clavicular head flexes humerus, sternocostal head extends it

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4
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A
  • clavicular head: lateral pectoral nerve (C5-6)
  • sternocostal head: medial pectoral nerve (C7-T1)
  • C7 comes from communicating branch off lateral pectoral n.
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5
Q

Pectoralis minor origin

A

Ribs 3-5 near their costal cartilages

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6
Q

Pectoralis minor insertion

A

Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula

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7
Q

Pectoralis minor action

A
  • stabilizes scapula by pulling it anteriorly and inferiorly against thoracic wall
  • minor protractor by moving scapula laterally and anteriorly around thoracic cage
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8
Q

Pectoralis minor innervation

A

Medial pectoral n. (C8-T1)

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9
Q

Subclavius origgin

A

Junction of rib 1 and its costal cartilage

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10
Q

Subclavius insertion

A

Inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle

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11
Q

Subclavius action

A

Draws clavicle medially

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12
Q

Subclavius innervation

A

Nerve to subclavius (C5-6)

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13
Q

Serratus anterior origin

A
  • external surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-8

- fascia overlying external intercostal muscles

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14
Q

Serratus anterior insertion

A

Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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15
Q

Serratus anterior action

A
  • protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall (w/subclavius)
  • rotates scapula (pulls on inferior angle of scapula, assists trapezius)
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16
Q

Serratus anterior innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5-7)

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17
Q

What are the pectoral muscles?

A
  • pectoralis major
  • pectoralis minor
  • subclavius
  • serratus anterior
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18
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the back?

A
  • trapezius
  • latissimus dorsi
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboids
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19
Q

Trapezius origin

A
  • medial 1/3 of sup. nunchaku line
  • external occipital protuberance
  • ligamentum nuchae
  • spinous processes C7-12
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20
Q

Trapezius insertion

A
  • lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
  • superior fibers extend more laterally
  • inferior fibers insert on spine as an aponeurosis (w/out extending to acromion)
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21
Q

Trapezius action

A
  • elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula
  • superior fibers elevate
  • middle fibers retract
  • inferior fibers depress
  • sup. and inferior fibers act together to superiorly rotate lateral angle
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22
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Spinal accessory n. (CN XI) and ventral rami of cervical n. (C3-4)

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23
Q

Latissimus dorsi origin

A
  • spinous processes of the inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
  • throacolumbar fascia
  • iliac crest and ribs 9-12
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24
Q

Latissimus dorsi insertion

A

Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

25
Q

Latissimus dorsi action

A
  • extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

- raises body towards arms during climbing

26
Q

Levator scapulae origin

A

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-4 vertebrae

27
Q

Levator scapulae insertion

A

Superior part of medial border of scapula

28
Q

Levator scapulae action

A

Elevates scapula and inferiorly rotates lateral angle of scapula

29
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A
  • Dorsal scapular n. (C5)

- cervical n. (C3-4)

30
Q

Rhomboid minor origin

A
  • Ligamentum nuchae

- spinous processes of C7-T1

31
Q

Rhomboid major origin

A

Spinous processes T2-5

32
Q

Rhomboid insertion

A

Medial border of scapula from level of spine of scapula to inferior angle

33
Q

Rhomboid action

A
  • retracts scapula and inferiorly rotates lateral angle
  • depresses glenoid cavity
  • fixes scapula to thoracic wall
34
Q

Rhomboid innervation

A

Dorsal scapular n. (C4-5)

35
Q

What are the scapular muscles?

A
  • deltoid
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
  • teres major
  • subscapularis
36
Q

Deltoid origin

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

37
Q

Deltoid insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

38
Q

Deltoid action

A
  • ant. part-flexes and medially rotates arm
  • middle part-abducts arm
  • post. part-extends and laterally rotates arm
39
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

Axillary n. (C5-6)

40
Q

Supraspinatus origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

41
Q

Supraspinatus insertion

A

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

42
Q

Supraspinatus action

A
  • Abduct arm (assists deltoid)

- rotator cuff muscle

43
Q

Supraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular n. (C4-6)

44
Q

Infraspinatus origin

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

45
Q

Infraspinatus insertion

A

Middle facet on reader tubercle of humerus

46
Q

Infraspinatus action

A
  • laterally rotate arm

- rotator cuff muscle helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity

47
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular n. (C5-6)

48
Q

Teres minor origin

A

Superior part of lateral border of scapula

49
Q

Teres minor insertion

A

Inferior facet on greater tubercle of humerus

50
Q

Teres minor action

A
  • laterally rotate arm

- rotator cuff muscle helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity

51
Q

Teres minor innervation

A

Axillary n. (C5-6)

52
Q

Teres major origin

A

Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula

53
Q

Teres major insertion

A

Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

54
Q

Teres major action

A

Adducts and medially rotates arm

55
Q

Teres major innervation

A

Lower subscapular n. (C5-6)

56
Q

Subscapularis origin

A

Subscapular fossa

57
Q

Subscapularis insertion

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

58
Q

Subscapularis action

A
  • medially rotates and adducts arm

- rotator cuff muscle helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity

59
Q

Subscapularis innervation

A

Upper and lower subscapular n. (C5-7)

Anatomy (11 decks)

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