Upper Extremity Flashcards
allodynia
Pain caused by typically nonpainful stimuli moving across the skin
hyperalgesia
exaggerated response to a normally painful stimuli
what are protectors of the shoulder
rotator cuff-
- Supraspinatus (ABduction)
- infraspinatus (external rotation)
- Teres minor (external rotation)
- Subscapularis (internal rotation)
What are positioners of the shoulder
deltoid
What are stabilizers of the shoulder
trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboid minor/major, pectoralis major, serratus anterior
Propellors of the shoulder
Pectoralis major
latissimus dorsi
What would you visualize on inspection after an anterior shoulder instability?
Flattened deltoid
fullness of anterior chest
prominence of acromion
guarding/protecting
Which special tests test for an AC joint sprain?
Palpation of AC joint
Cross body adduction test
Shear test (resisted extension)
Active compression test
What special tests test for an anterior shoulder instability?
Aprehension test
Relocation test
Release test
Which muscles get inflammed and ultimately cause pain in subacromial impingement syndrome
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
Which specialized tests test for Subacromial impingement syndrome?
Painful Arc test
Hawkins-kennedy test/ modified hawkins kennedy test
Neer test
Objective findings in a Subacromial impingement syndrome
TTP of the long head of the biceps tendon and rotator cuff insertion
potential pain/strength deficit w/ strength testing of the rotator cuff
Where is the most common origination of a rotator cuff tear?
supraspinatus- 90%
Special tests that test for a rotator cuff tear
External rotation lag sign
drop arm
empty can test
How do you test for lateral epicondylitis?
Mills test
caused by repetitive extension of wrist/fingers
What is the Allens test?
Done before puncture of the radial artery to assure patency of ulnar artery
pt makes fist, occlude radial and ulnar aa. release ulnar aa. to make sure blood returns
Phalens test
inverse praying test
testing for carpal tunnel
Tinels test
tapping median nerve to test for carpal tunnel syndrome
DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis
inflammation of the sheath that surrounds the abductor pollicus longus and extensor pollicus brevis tendons
pain and tenderness in the first dorsal extensor compartment (snuffbox) aggravated by moving thumb/making fist
crepitation with flexion/extension of thumb may be noted
Finklestein test
Tests for DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis
pain with passive stretching of the tendons while thumb is in pt palm, forming fist–> ulnar deviation
Mallet finger
MC due to traumatic injury to the tip of a fully extended finger
-Rupture, avulsion or laceration of extensor tendon at base of distal phalanx
pain and inability to extend at DIP
What causes trigger finger
nodular thickening of the flexor tendon
MC at the MP joint
Dupuytren’s contracture
Palmar fibromatosis
nodular thickening and contraction of palmar fascia
MC ring finger
Heberden nodes
nodules at the DIPs
Bouchard nodes
nodules at the PIPs
