Upper Extrem Flashcards
How many bones in the hand?
27
Proximal row of carpal bones
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetreum, Pisiform
distal row of carpal bones
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
Alternate names for all carpal bones
Scaphoid= Navicular Lunate = Semilunar Triquetreum = Triangular, Triangle Trapezium = Greater Multangular Trapezoid = Lesser Multangular Capitate = Os Magnum Hamate = Unciform
Where is Ulna located in anatomical position?
Medially
Proximal portion of Ulna contains…
Olecranon process, Trochlear notch, Coronoid process, Radial notch of the Ulna,
Distal portion of Ulna contains…
Head of the Ulna is here, Styloid process of the Ulna,
what carpal bone is articulates with the radius proximally?
Lunate
what bone articulates with the hamate anteriorly?
Triangular
what bone is situated anterior to the triquetrum?
Pisiform
What makes up the carpal groove? (2 bones, one from the distal row and one from the proximal row)
Trapezium and Scaphoid
what bone articulates with pisiform to form the medial margin of the carpal groove?
Hamate
What groove lies between Greater and lesser tubercle in Humerus?
Bicipital groove
Radius is received by this fossa on the humerus
Radial fossa
What fracture shows a bulging of the forearm bone???
Torus Fracture
When distal end of the radius has a fracture that is angled backward…
Colles fracture
Then when the fracture on the radius is opposite of the Colles fracture?
Smith’s fracture
compression frx in the humeral head against the glenoid labrum is called
Hill-sachs deformity
In 1st digit routines, what do you use as the CR?
1 MCP joint
2-5 digit CRs are at..
at the affected PIP
When performing later 2-5 digits, what side should they be on?
2nd and 3rd digit are on the radial side
4th-5th digits are on the Ulna side
In PA hand, what digit is in an oblique position?
The 1st Digit
What view is used to show foreign object in hand?
Lateral hand (Extension)
In a wrist PA projection, how do you position the pt to show the best view of pisiform?
This is a Radial deviation, with about 10-15 degrees with CR at the middle of the carpals
what must be flexed at 90 degrees in the lateral wrist view?
Elbow
In this view, the epicondyles are parallel to the IR, posterior surface of the arm is on the IR.
CR is at 2” superior to the olecranon process.
What does this view clearly demonstrate?
Acute Flexion, this view shows the olecranon process in view
what view is used when pt cannot extnd arm for AP elbow?
Partial flexion
what elbow view shows the Coronoid process free of superimposition?
Medial Rotation (AP oblique)
What elbow view shows the radial head and tuberosity free of superimpos
Lateral Rotation (AP Oblique)
Scapula:
Lies between __ and __ thoracic vertebrae. Its medial border is called ___ and lateral border is called___
2nd and 7th, Costal, axial
what are the names of the surfaces on the scapula
Anterior/ Costal surface, Dorsal/Posterior Surface
What bone serves as a fulcrum for the movement of the arm? Why is it doubly curved?
Clavicle, for strength
What joint is the most common for dislocation?
which direction of the dislocation is a sign for seizure?
Shoulder
Posterior dislocation shows sign of seizure
what joint dislocation in shoulder region is common in children and is usually X-rayed bilatterally?
Acromioclavicular joint
If there are suspected frx, you still rotate shoulder (true/false)?
False, all 3 views must be done with little to no rotation
what view will bring the lesser tubercle into medial view? what view shows the greater tubercle in lateral view?
Internal rotation of the shoulder will bring lesser tubercle into profile. External rotation of the shoulder will show greater tubercle in profile
Transthoracic shoulder is also known as…
in this position, if pt cannot elevate shoulder, what should you do? CR should be where???
what should the breathing instruction be for this?
Lawrence method
CR should be 10-15 degree Caudad and at the surgical neck lvl of the affected arm (against the IR)
Full inspiration to improve contrast
Inferosuperior view of the shoulder is also known as…
describe CR and pt position.
Lawrence method, again.
Affected shoulder is abducted away from the body, the CR is 15-30 degree medially, at the shoulder joint
What angle would you like the PT to be in Scap Y PA oblique shoulder?
45-60
What can improve quality of the image in Scap Y PA oblique?
Compensating filter
What degree do you want to rotate the pt in Grashey Method??? and what should be parallel to the board?
35-45, Scapula
In lateral scapula, what is the pt angulation?
if body of scap is of interest, where should arm be placed?
if acromion and corocoid process are of interest, where should arm be placed?
45-60
Arm should be across the chest
Arm should be behind the thorax
In AP axial clavicle, what are the 2 RANGES of angulations? which one is for what?
when do you use more angulation?
0-15 for standing
15-30 for Supine
The skinnier the pt the more angulation
When performing AP bilateral AC joint, it can also be called…
what is the SID for this method?
what is it used to demonstrate?
Pearson method
72” SID
Demonstrate dislocation of the AC joint
