Upper Flashcards
Infraspinatus: Origin
Infraspinous fossa
Infraspinatus: Insertion
Greater tubercle of head of humerus
Infraspinatus: Action
- Laterally/externally rotate shoulder
- Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity/fossa
Supraspinatus: Origin
Supraspinous fossa
Supraspinatus: Insertion
Greater tubercle of head of humerus
Must indicate that its muscle belly runs underneath the acromion
Supraspinatus: Action
- Abduct the shoulder the first 30 degrees
- Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity/fossa
Teres Minor: Origin
Upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula
Teres Minor: Insertion
Greater tubercle of head of humerus
Teres Minor: Action
- Laterally/externally rotate shoulder
- Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity/fossa
Teres Major: Origin
- Inferior angle of scapula
- Lower 1/3 of lateral border of scapula
Teres Major: Insertion
Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Teres Major: Action
- Adduct the shoulder
- Medially rotate shoulder
- Extend the shoulder
Latissimus Dorsi: Origin
- Inferior angle of scapula
- Last 3 or 4 ribs
- Posterior iliac crest
- Thoracolumbar fascia
- Spinous processes of the last 6 thoracic vertebrae (T7-T12)
Latissimus Dorsi: Insertion
Intertubercular/bicipetal groove of humerus
Must communicate how muscle wraps under the axilla
Latissimus Dorsi: Action
- Adduct the shoulder
- Medially rotate shoulder
- Extend the shoulder
Rhomboids: Origin
Spinous processes of C7 to T5
Rhomboids: Insertion
Medial border of scapula between spine of scapula and inferior angle of scapula
Rhomboids: Action
- Adduct/retract the scapula
- Elevate the scapula
Pectoralis Minor: Origin
3rd to 5th ribs
Pectoralis Minor: Insertion
Coracoid process of the scapula
Pectoralis Minor: Action
- Depress the scapula
- Abduct/protract the scapula
Deltoid: Origin
- Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
- Acromion
- Spine of scapula
Deltoid: Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity
Deltoid: Action
All fibers/middle fibers:
Abduct the shoulder
Anterior fibers:
1. Flex the shoulder
2. Medially rotate the shoulder
Posterior fibers:
1. Extend the shoulder
2. Laterally rotate the shoulder
One action for each fiber direction
Levator Scapula: Origin
1st to 4th TVPs of cervical vertebrae (TVPs C1 to C4)
Levator Scapula: Insertion
Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and spine of scapula
Levator Scapula: Action
- Elevate the scapula
- Laterally flex neck
- Rotate head and neck to the same side
- Extend the head and neck
Pectoralis Major: Origin
- Medial 1/2 of clavicle
- Sternum
- Cartilage of 1st through 6th ribs
Pectoralis Major: Insertion
Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
Pectoralis Major: Action
All fibers:
1. Adduct the shoulder
2. Medially rotate shoulder
Border/barrier required
Extensor Digitorum: Origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Extensor Digitorum: Insertion
Bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th fingers
Extensor Digitorum: Action
- Extend the 2nd through 5th fingers
- Extend the wrist
Extensor Carpi Radalis Brevis: Origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Extensor Carpi Radalis Brevis: Insertion
Base of 3rd metacarpal
Extensor Carpi Radalis Brevis: Action
- Extend the wrist
- Abduct the wrist (radial deviation)
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Origin
Humeral head:
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head:
Posterior surface of proximal 2/3 of ulna
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Insertion
- Pisiform
- Hook of hamate
- Base of 5th metacarpal
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Action
- Flex the wrist
- Adduct the wrist (ulnar deviation)
Flexor Carpi Radialis: Origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Flexor Carpi Radialis: Insertion
Bases of 2nd through 3rd metacarpals
Flexor Carpi Radialis: Action
- Flex the wrist
- Abduct the wrist (radial deviation)
Pronator Teres: Origin
- Medial epicondyle of humerus
- Coronoid process of ulna
Pronator Teres: Insertion
Middle of lateral surface of the radius
Pronator Teres: Action
- Pronate the forearm
- Assist to flex the elbow
Triceps Brachii: Origin
Long head:
Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Lateral head:
Posterior proximal 1/2 of humerus
Medial head:
Posterior distal 1/2 of humerus
Triceps Brachii: Insertion
Olecranon process of the ulna
Triceps Brachii: Action
All heads:
Extend the elbow
Long head:
Extend the shoulder
Biceps Brachii: Origin
Short head:
Coracoid process of scapula
Long head:
Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Supraglenoid tubercle is not palpable but location should be indicated
Biceps Brachii: Insertion
- Tuberosity of the radius
- Aponeurosis of the biceps brachii
Biceps Brachii: Action
- Flex the elbow
- Flex the shoulder
- Supinate the forearm
Uppercut