Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1 (1) Flashcards
Act of Toleration
The first colonial statue granting religious freedom to all Christians, but it called for death of all non-Christians. It was created to provide a safe haven for Catholics. (p.27)
Roger Williams
A respected Puritan minister who believed that the individual’s conscience was beyond the control of any civil or church authority. He was banished from the Bay colony for his beliefs. In 1636, he founded the settlement of Providence. (p. 29)
Anne Hutchinson
This Puritan believed in antinomianism and was banished from the Bay colony because of her beliefs. In 1638, she founded the colony of Portsmouth. (p. 29)
Rhode Island
In 1644, Parliament granted Roger Williams a charter, joining Providence and Portsmouth into a single colony, Rhode Island. (p. 30)
Halfway covenant
In the 1660s, people could now take part in church services and activities without making a formal commitment to Christ. It was created because the next generation of colonists were less committed to religious faith, but churches still needed members. (p. 31)
Quakers
Members of the Religious Society of Friends who believed in the equality of men and women, nonviolence, and resistance to military service. (p. 34)
William Penn
In 1861, the royal family paid a large debt by granting his family a large parcel of American land. This Quaker, formed a colony that he named Pennsylvania. (p. 34)
Holy Experiment
William Penn put his Quaker beliefs to the test in his colony, Pennsylvania. He wanted the colony to provide a religious refuge for Quakers and other persecuted people, enact liberal ideas in government, and generate income and profits for himself. (p. 34)
Jamestown
In 1607, the first permanent English colony in America was founded at this location. The Virginia Company, was a a joint-stock company chartered by England’s King James I. (p. 25)
John Rolfe
He helped Jamestown develop a new variety of tobacco which became popular in Europe and became a profitable crop. (p. 25)
Puritans
Group of dissenters that wanted to purify the Church of England. In 1630 they founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony at Boston. (p. 26)
Separatists
Radical dissenters to the Church of England, they were known by this name because they wanted to organized a completely separate church that was independent of royal control. They became known as Pilgrims, because of the travels. (p. 26)
Pilgrims
They were radical dissenters to the Church of England. They moved to Holland, then in 1620, they sailed to America on the Mayflower in search of religious freedom. They established a new colony at Plymouth on the Massachusetts coast. (p. 26)
Metacom
This American Indian chief was known to the colonists as King Philip. He joined together the Native American tribes to fight the colonists in King Philip’s War, a war that lasted from 1675 to 1676. (p. 31)
King Philip’s War
From 1675 to 1676, the American Indian chief Metacom (King Philip), waged a vicious war against the English settlers in southern New England. (p. 31)
Mayflower Compact
In 1620, while they were sailing to America on the Mayflower, the Pilgrims created this document that pledged them to make decisions by the will of the majority. It was a rudimentary written constitution. (p. 27)
Virginia House of Burgesses
In 1619, just 12 years after the founding of Jamestown, Virginia’s colonists organized the first representative assembly in America, the Virginia House of Burgesses. (p. 27)
Sir William Berkeley
Royal Governor of Virginia who favored large plantation owners and did not support or protect smaller farms from Indian raids. He put down Bacon’s rebellion in 1676. (p. 29)
Bacon’s Rebellion
In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon led a group of army volunteers that raided Native American villages, fought the governor’s forces, and set fire to Jamestown. The rebellion lost momentum when Bacon died of dysentery. The rebellion was caused by the Governor’s unfair favoritism of large plantation owners and refusal to protect small farms from Native American raids. Led to shift from Indentured servants to African Slaves as a labor source.
proprietary colonies
Colonies under the authority of individuals granted charters of ownership by the king, such as Maryland and Massachusetts. (p. 24)
Chesapeake Colonies
In 1632, the area once known as the Virginia colony, has divided into the Virginia and Maryland colony. Maryland became the first proprietary colony. (p. 27)
joint-stock company
Corporate colonies, such as Jamestown, were operated by joint-stock companies, at least during the colony’s early years. (p. 24)
Virginia Company
England’s King James I chartered the Virginia Company, a joint-stock company that founded the first permanent English colony in America at Jamestown in 1607. (p. 25)
mercantilism
An economic policy in which the colonies were to provide raw materials to the parent country of growth and profit of the parent country. (p. 35)
