Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP USH > UNIT 2 FLASHCARDS FROM QUIZLET > Flashcards

UNIT 2 FLASHCARDS FROM QUIZLET

1
Q

salutary neglect

A

not enforcing statutes/acts because too hard or not in debt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

indirect tax

A

tax on colonies but cost of tax already in price: positive reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

direct tax

A

tax that is added to the product: negative reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

specie

A

gold and silver coins; crown wants debt paid in it, not paper money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

enumerated commodity

A

specific list of goods that could only be sold to Great Britain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

writs of assistance

A

search warrants or illegal trade - broad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mercantile Laws

A

said colonists could not export goods the British also export and skilled workers could not immigrate to the colonies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Navigation Acts

A

said everything on British ships had to be British with a 3/4 British crew, ships could only stop in British ports, and created a list of enumerated commodities (cash crops); trying to created a monopoly by controlling all trade - ended with Glorious Revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Molasses Act

A

tax on molasses (sugar) from any country but Britain; rum distillers in the North would get hurt and complain but not really enforced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

says English settlers cannot cross the Appalachian mountains because Britain cannot protect them from Indians; result = Pontiac’s Rebellion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sugar/Revenue Act

A

cut Molasses Act in half, but enforced; created writs of assistance; colonists got upset, especially rum distillers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Currency Act

A

cannot print paper money and all debts had to be paid in specie; drains gold and silver reserves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Quartering/Mutiny Act

A

Britain sent soldiers to enforce laws; colonists had to pay for provisions or build barracks for soldiers; colonists see soldiers as intruders, not protectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stamp Act

A

first DIRECT tax; on all written documents; everyone had to pay it, so big uproar; colonists created a congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stamp Act Congress

A

asked for repeal of stamp act and wrote petitions to Parliament; wrote Declaration of the Rights of Grievances of Congress; Parliament repealed Stamp Act because not making money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Declaratory Act

A

Parliament could tax colonies anytime; more no taxation without representation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Townshend Act

A

external duties on paint, lead, tea, and glass; John Dickinson wrote response; Parliament repealed tax on everything but tea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

John Dickinson

A

wrote “Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tea Act

A

said colonists could only import tea from British East India Company because company about to go bankrupt; result = Boston Tea Party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

In Massachusetts: closed Boston harbor until tea paid for; Great Britain officials’ trials in England; quartering act - house soldiers; took away from legislature - now ruled by British and shut down taverns; result = Continental Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Quebec Act

A

Canada: reward for people there being good; allowed Catholicism, can follow French laws, extend boundary into Ohio River Valley; result = 1st Continental Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Philadelphia

A

site of first Continental Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

12

A

number of colonies at first Continental Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Declaration of American Rights

A

Declaration by first continental congress that said Parliament has the right to regulate trade but shouldn’t tax. It also said that each colony has the right to determine need for British troops.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

boycott

A

First Continental Congress agreed to ________ British goods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Non Importation Agreements

A

Agreements not to import goods from Great Britain. They were designed to put pressure on the British economy and force the repeal of unpopular parliamentary acts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The Association

A

a group to enforce boycotts and Non-Importation agreements; agree to stockpile weapons; agree to meet one year later

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

The First Continental Congress asks for repeal of the _______________________

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Boston Massacre

A

The first bloodshed of the Amercan Revolution, as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five Americans; Paul Revere painted propaganda picture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Crispus Atticks

A

1st man killed in American Revolution - runaway slave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Sons of Liberty

A

A radical political organization formed after the passage of the Stamp Act to protest various British acts; organization used both peaceful and violent means of protest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Daughters of Liberty

A

This organization supported the boycott of British goods. They urged Americans to wear homemade fabrics and produce other goods that were previously available only from Britain. They believed that way, the American colonies would become economically independent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

effigy

A

dummy hung by people and set on fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

John Adams

A

defended British soldiers in Boston Massacre - said it was self-defense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Thomas Gage

A

The British general who was in command of Boston and went after the stockpiled weapons at Concord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Paul Revere, William Dawes, Samuel Prescott

A

3 famous men from warning people of British attack on Concord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

John Parker

A

Captain of the Lexington minutemen; leader at the Battle of Lexington in April 1775, where the first shots of the American Revolution were fired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Fort Ticonderoga

A

on Lake Champlain (NY) - full of weapons; Ethan Allen leads group of militiamen - Green Mountain Boys (VT) and Benedict Arnold; transfer weapons to Boston

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Henry Knox

A

In 1775 George Washington ordered him, the nation’s first secretary of war, to bring the British artillery back to the siege of Boston (Dorchester Heights) that was captured at Fort Ticonderoga.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Thomas Paine

A

wrote “Common Sense;” inspires war/declares independence because “moral obligation” to split

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Bunker Hill

A

a battle that took place on the strategic point of Breed’s Hill. British victory on account of the depletion of American supplies. yet gave them confidence- It pushed Americans towards a final decision for war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Olive Branch Petition

A

last attempt to reconcile with Great Britain, Still pledge loyalty to King George III but are still asking Britain to respect the rights and liberties of the colonies, repeal oppressive legislation, and British troops out of the colonies; George III didn’t want anything to do with them and declared all colonies in a state of rebellion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

North Carolina

A

first state to advise independent vote (because Scotch-Irish)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Richard Henry Lee

A

issued first resolution for independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Pennsylvania

A

almost voted against Constitution because it left out slavery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

July 2, 1776

A

date of motion for independence passed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

July 4, 1776

A

date of formal approval of Declaration of indepedence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

56

A

number of signers of the Declaration of Independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

John Hancock

A

President of the Second Continental Congress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

list of grievances

A

largest section of Declaration of Independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Jefferson, Adams, Franklin

A

three authors of the Declaration of Independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

John Locke

A

wrote “Two Treaties on Government;” Jefferson emulated this work and its call for the rights of life, liberty, and property in the Declaration of Independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Virginia Declaration of Rights, Two Treaties on Government, Richard Henry Lee’s Resolution

A

3 sources used by Jefferson when writing the Declaration of Independence

54
Q

independence, government, revolution

A

Three purposes of Declaration of Independence: declare _____________ from Great Britain, provide basis for new ______________, and justify _____________

55
Q

navy, financial, military, population, Indians, slaves

A

Great Britain has a better _______, __________ and __________ power, much larger _____________, and help from __________ and ________ (because promise freedom)

56
Q

home, enormous, motivation, generals, leadership, distractions

A

Great Britain is a long way from ______, dealing with ___________ colonies, had less ___________ (from Hessians and soldiers), kept changing _____________ (and bad choices from Howe), the __________ in England was bad (George III and Lord North), and they had other ___________ (Ireland, etc)

57
Q

Land Ordinance of 1785

A

A law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers to populate the Ohio River Valley; created subsidized education

58
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Created the Northwest Territory (area north of the Ohio River and west of Pennsylvania), established conditions for self-government and statehood (applying to Congress), included a Bill of Rights, and permanently prohibited slavery

59
Q

OH, IL, IN, MI, WI

A

5 territories/states created by Northwest Ordinance of 1767

60
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

a rebellion by debtor farmers in western Massachusetts (on Springfield), led by Revolutionary War against Boston creditors. it began in 1786 and lasted half a year, threatening the economic interests of the business elite and contributing to the demise of the Articles of Confederation.

61
Q

Annapolis Convention

A

A convention held in September 1786 to consider problems of trade and navigation (to revise the Articles of Confederation), attended by five states and important because it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional Convention

62
Q

Philadelphia Convention

A

Beginning on May 25, 1787, the convention recommended by the Annapolis Convention was held in Philadelphia. The convention lasted 16 weeks, and on September 17, 1787, produced the present Constitution of the United States

63
Q

George Washington

A

President of the Philadelphia Convention

64
Q

12

A

number of states attending Philadelphia Convention

65
Q

Rhode Island

A

only state to not attend Philadelphia Convention

66
Q

James Madison

A

father of the Constitution - wrote it based on the Virginia Plan

67
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

first ambassador to France; called the Philadelphia Convention an “assembly of demigods”

68
Q

John Adams

A

first ambassador to Great Britain

69
Q

Great Compromise

A

Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house

70
Q

International Slave Trade

A

promised to end in 20 years (1808) by the Philadelphia Convention

71
Q

imports, exports

A

The Philadelphia Convention called for a tax on _______ but not _______

72
Q

William Paterson

A

author of the New Jersey Plan: keep Articles of Confederation but levy taxes and regulate commerce - plural executive with no power

73
Q

Edmund Randolph

A

Because James Madison was soft-spoken, he got this man to introduce the Virginia Plan to the Philadelphia Convention

74
Q

tariff laws

A

need 2/3 of Congress to approve these, not the normal 51%

75
Q

4

A

how many years were the term lengths of the President?

76
Q

Electoral College

A

elect the President; don’t trust public

77
Q

State legislators

A

Senate elected by

78
Q

President

A

Federal Courts are appointed by the

79
Q

people

A

House of Representatives elected by

80
Q

9

A

How many states out of 13 need to ratify the Constitution?

81
Q

RI, VA, NY, NC

A

4 states to not ratify the Constitution

82
Q

November 1788

A

Month and year of election of 1st Federal Government (President, House, and Senate)

83
Q

April 1789

A

Month and year of 1st Inauguration

84
Q

Federalist

A

supporters of the constitution during the debate over its ratification; favored a strong national government

85
Q

Hamilton, Madison, Jay

A

Three men who publicize answers to Anti-Federalists in the New York Newspaper

86
Q

Anti-Federalists

A

opponents of a strong central government who campaigned against the ratification of the Constitution in favor of a confederation of independent states; want a Bill of Rights, a mention of God, less aristocracy, and no standing army

87
Q

Federalism

A

powers of government split between the federal government and states and shared

88
Q

Exclusive

A

federal rights

89
Q

Reserved

A

state powers

90
Q

Concurrent

A

shared powers

91
Q

coin, military, postal, courts, interstate

A

Exclusive Rights: ________ money, _________ (declare war, send troops, and draft), _________ system, _______ (for breaking federal law), and ___________ trade

92
Q

intrastate, public, elections, licenses

A

Reserved Powers: __________ trade, ________ education, ___________, and _______________

93
Q

taxation, trade, money

A

Shared Powers: ___________, ______ laws, and borrowing _______

94
Q

Bill of Rights

A

The first ten amendments of the U.S. Constitution, containing a list of individual rights and liberties (because of demands from Anti-Federalists) - limits determined by courts

95
Q

First

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes the five great liberties: freedom of the press, of speech, of religion, of petition, and of assembly.

96
Q

Second

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes freedom to bear arms

97
Q

Third

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes no forced quartering of troops - in peace

98
Q

Fourth

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes no illegal searches and seizures - no Writs of Assistance

99
Q

Fifth

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes due process - court

100
Q

Sixth

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes a fair and speedy trial

101
Q

Seventh

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes that sues for over $20 are ensured a jury trial

102
Q

Eighth

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes no cruel and unusual punishments

103
Q

Ninth

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes that the Bill of Rights does not contain all rights

104
Q

Tenth

A

The constitutional amendment that establishes rights not delegated to federal government belong to the states

105
Q

ex post facto

A

(after the deed) - can’t make something illegal after you’ve done it

106
Q

habeas corpus

A

can’t be thrown in jail without going before a judge who will tell you why - cannot be denied except by the President in time of war

107
Q

treason

A

adhering to enemy or going to war against the US - open confession or 2 witnesses

108
Q

double jeopardy

A

can’t be tried twice for the same offense

109
Q

self-incrimination

A

can’t be forced to testify against yourself (5th amendment)

110
Q

eminent domain

A

government can take property, but only for public good and pay you for fair market value

111
Q

House, Senate

A

The _______ impeaches (brings to trial) the President; the _________ holds the trial

112
Q

Federal, Supreme

A

Two types of courts in the Judicial Branch

113
Q

Congress, Congress, 2/3, 3/4, states

A

Amendments are proposed by __________, approved by __________ (___ of both Houses), and ratified by ____ of ________

114
Q

Elastic Clause

A

the part of the Constitution that permits Congress to make any laws “necessary and proper” to carrying out its powers

115
Q

Grenville

A

became Prime Minister in 1763; decided American colonists should have to pay for their own defense in the form of taxes; helped to reform British enforcement in the colonies in order to end salutary neglect

116
Q

Regulators

A

these South Carolina Scotch-Irish Men believed Britain was not protecting them from thieves, rustlers, and Indians; they administered vigilant justice in the region and refused to pay taxes until they gained an effective government

117
Q

Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer

A

Series of letters by John Dickinson denouncing the Townshend Duties. Inspired anti-British sentiment throughout the colonies

118
Q

Gaspee affair

A

event involving a British custom schooner that had enforced unpopular acts; it ran aground in shallow water and a group of men boarded the ship, looted it, and burned it

119
Q

Hessians

A

German mercenaries hired by Britain to fight against the colonies; hired because the king, George III was a German through his Hanovarian Family

120
Q

American Crisis

A

a series of pamphlets written in simple language by Thomas Paine; they boosted the morale of the colonists in their fight for liberty

121
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

American general Horatio Gates was victorious over British general Burgoyne: Turning point of the American Revolution. It was very important because it convinced the French to give the U.S. military support. It lifted American spirits, ended the British threat in New England by taking control of the Hudson River, and, most importantly, showed the French that the Americans had the potential to beat their enemy, Great Britain

122
Q

Valley Forge

A

Washington’s army camped here over the winter; they suffered from abysmal conditions that improved in the spring; Friedrich Wilhelm, a Prussian soldiers, was brought in to train the troops; they learned how to fight well; Congress promised bonuses and extra pay at the end of the war which raised morale

123
Q

George Rogers Clark

A

victorious in the Northwest Territory

124
Q

Committees of Correspondence

A

Sam Adams convinced the Boston town meeting to form these groups and convinced others to do the same; they coordinated responses to the King and shared their plans, forming an early government to deal with colonial rights and parliamentary encroachments

125
Q

Anti-Federalist Papers

A

collection articles against the ratification of the Constitution; they addressed many concerns about the new constitution, like no explicit individual rights (a Bill of Rights), no mention of God, and selfish economic motives of authors

126
Q

Judiciary Act of 1789

A

it was adopted in the First session of the First US Congress establishing the US federal judiciary; it established one Supreme Court with no provision for composition of procedures of any courts; inferior courts could be established as Congress saw fit

127
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

was a decisive victory by the Continental Army led by Washington and the French Army Troops led by de Grasse; They easily won the battle against Cornwallis and Arnolds’ British Troops

128
Q

Unitarian Church

A

separated from the Anglican Church by Theophilus Lindsey; He believed in God as 1 person, not 3 as Anglicans and Catholics believed; In King’s Chapel in Boston, James Freeman settled and established the church in America

129
Q

Methodist Church

A

was an offshoot of the Anglican church; it can together in a general conference at Baltimore under Bishop Francis Asbury

130
Q

Virginia Statute of Liberty

A

Was drafted in 1777 by Thomas Jefferson. In 1786, the Virginia General Assembly enacted the statute into the state’s law. It supported separation of church and state, and freedom of conscience

131
Q

Pennsylvania

A

slavery was abolished here in 1780 in an act saying that the children of slave mothers would be born free; abolished here first because Quakers disapproved of slavery on religious grounds and the Scotch-Irish couldn’t afford slaves, so there was no demand

132
Q

Massachusetts

A

slavery was abolished here in 1783 in a Supreme Court ruling that it was illegal because of the wording of the 1780 Constitution that said that everyone was “born free and equal”

AP USH (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions