Untitled Deck Flashcards
Who showed cultural differences for IQ?
Cultural differences: gap for gypsy, Irish travellers and Black Caribbean can be 10.9 months for Maths and English GCSEs.
(Hutchinson, Reader and Akhal, 2020)
Who showed socio-economic differences for IQ?
Children from working class families have worse educational outcomes than their peers. Disadvantaged children eligible for free school meals lag by 5 months when starting school, 9 months by the end of primary school, and 18 months by GCSEs.
(British Psychological Society, 2022)
Who found improvements in scores after dynamic assessment?
Baek and Jin-Kim (2003) found that children in the experimental group improved their scores from 12.24 to 16.17, while the control group only increased from 12.24 to 13.00.
The experimental group received assistance through prepared hints.
What was Freund’s Dolls House Study about?
Freund (1990) tested children aged 3-5 on helping a puppet decide furniture placement. Those helped by their mother performed better than those who worked alone.
Who came up with the concept of g?
Spearman (1904) introduced g, a person’s general mental ability, suggesting that those good at one cognitive task are likely good at others.
g has three components: self-reflection, understanding relationships between items, and generating new ideas.
Who assessed g in different countries?
Warne and Burningham (2019) supported Spearman’s g in 31 non-Western nations, challenging the view that intelligence is a culture-bound construct.
Who investigated g in non-humans?
Pietschnig et al. (2015) found that g relates to biological variables like brain size and is also observed in non-human primates.
Who investigated values in Zimbabwe?
Mpofu (2004) found that people in Zimbabwe value social competence and caring for relatives as important aspects of intelligence.
Who did the first ability test?
Binet (1905) published the first ability test, originally used to assess intelligence and later for ‘feeble-minded’ individuals.
Who found tests to be inappropriate for Zambian children?
Kathurria and Serpell (1998) found Zambian children unfamiliar with pencil and paper tests, leading to the culturally appropriate Panga Munthu test.
Who investigated socio-cultural factors in assessment?
Vygotsky (1978) introduced interactive assessment, emphasizing that human development is a social process where knowledge is acquired through interaction.
Who criticized dynamic assessment?
Piaget (1971) argued that children should work through stages of cognitive development independently.
Who investigated neural plasticity?
Garlick (2002) proposed that neural plasticity, the brain’s ability to change in response to stimulation, may explain intelligence better than a fixed measure of g.
Who investigated the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
VYGOTSKY 1978 based his work on Vygotsky’s ZPD, focusing on collaborative human capabilities and the development of higher-order mental functions.
Who analyzed common assessments used by educational psychologists?
Woods and Farrell (2006) found that interviews and observations are common, with standardised assessments of reading and numbers frequently used.
