Untitled Deck Flashcards
(75 cards)
Can you change the number of protons in an atom? Why?
Protons determine the atom’s element, so the number of protons can’t change or else the atom will change elements; the # of protons is fixed.
Define Atomic Mass Number.
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus.
Define Atomic Number.
It is the number of Protons that the element has, and is unique to each element.
Define Atomic Symbol.
It is a symbol unique to each element that represents the element.
Define Electron.
Negatively charged particles which have negligible mass. The number of Electrons is equal to the number of Protons in an atom.
Define Isotope.
Atoms of the same element but different mass numbers (different numbers of neutrons).
Define Metalloids.
Elements which can act as either a metal or non-metal under certain conditions.
Define Metals.
Elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity and are generally solid at room temperature. They are Ductile and Malleable.
Define Neutrons.
Particles which do not have a charge but do have mass. The number of neutrons is equal to the Atomic Mass Number - Atomic Number.
Define Non-Metals.
Elements which are generally NOT good conductors of heat and electricity. They are not Ductile or malleable, brittle, and can break easily.
Define Proton.
Positively charged particles which have mass. The number of Protons is equal to the Atomic Number.
Define Relative/Standard Atomic Mass.
The weighted arithmetic mean of the relative isotopic masses of all isotopes of that element weighted by each isotope’s abundance on Earth.
Define Valence Shell.
The outermost electron shell of the atom.
How do Bohr diagrams work? What do they represent?
Bohr Diagrams contain a central nucleus and show the electrons in their shells, alongside the shell/electron configuration below it.
How do electrons fill up their shells?
Electrons will always fill starting with the lowest energy level first.
How do you name an Isotope?
[Name of Element] - [Mass Number]
How do you name ionic compounds? Example?
The first element is the element that is most ‘left’ on the periodic table, and the second is pronounced with an -ide suffix.
Example: Sodium Chloride : NaCl
How is the Periodic Table organised?
According to the different properties of each element.
How to ‘rename’ an Ionic Bond between two Elements? E.g. Na and O.
Cross Multiplication: Put the Charge of one Ion as the subscript of the other, and repeat vice versa.
Na+ and O-2 Na20.
How to determine what isotope an atom is?
Atomic Mass # - Atomic # = Neutrons
What are Alkaline Earth Metals?
They appear shiny with a silvery-white appearance. They have 2 electrons in their valence shell.
What are Groups?
A column of elements in the periodic table. 8 numbered groups, with Noble Gases being 0.
What are Periods?
A row of chemical elements on the periodic table where all elements in a row have the same number of electron shells.
What are atoms made of, and what are they called?
Three types of subatomic particles: Electrons, Neutrons, and Protons.
